Industrial Materials Recycling, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden.
Waste Manag. 2013 Mar;33(3):689-98. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.06.001. Epub 2012 Jul 12.
Metal recovery is an essential part of the recycling of hybrid electric vehicle battery waste and the first step in a hydrometallurgical treatment is dissolution of the solid material. The properties of separated battery electrode materials were investigated. Focus was put on both the solid waste and then the dissolution behaviour. The cathode contains metallic nickel that remains undissolved when utilizing non-oxidizing conditions such as hydrochloric or sulphuric acid in combination with a low oxygen atmosphere. In these conditions the cathode active electrode material is fully dissolved. Not dissolving the nickel metal saves up to 37% of the acid consumption for the cathode electrode material. In the commonly used case of oxidizing conditions the nickel metal dissolves and a cobalt-rich phase remains undissolved from the cathode active material. For the anode material a complete and rapid dissolution can be achieved at mild conditions with hydrochloric, nitric or sulphuric acid. Optimal parameters for all cases of dissolution was pH 1 with a reaction time of approximately ≥ 20,000 s.
金属回收是混合动力电动汽车电池废料回收的重要组成部分，而湿法冶金处理的第一步是溶解固体材料。研究了分离电池电极材料的性能。重点放在固体废物上，然后是溶解行为。在不使用氧化条件（如盐酸或硫酸与低氧气氛结合）的情况下，阴极含有金属镍，金属镍不会溶解。在这些条件下，阴极活性电极材料完全溶解。不溶解镍金属可节省高达 37%的阴极电极材料的酸消耗。在常用的氧化条件下，镍金属溶解，而富钴相从阴极活性材料中不溶解。对于阳极材料，可以在温和条件下使用盐酸、硝酸或硫酸实现完全和快速溶解。所有溶解情况下的最佳参数为 pH 值 1，反应时间约为≥20000s。
