Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, A5102 MCN, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2012 Jul 16;10(8):525-37. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2836.
Transition metals occupy an essential niche in biological systems. Their electrostatic properties stabilize substrates or reaction intermediates in the active sites of enzymes, and their heightened reactivity is harnessed for catalysis. However, this heightened activity also renders transition metals toxic at high concentrations. Bacteria, like all living organisms, must regulate their intracellular levels of these elements to satisfy their physiological needs while avoiding harm. It is therefore not surprising that the host capitalizes on both the essentiality and toxicity of transition metals to defend against bacterial invaders. This Review discusses established and emerging paradigms in nutrient metal homeostasis at the pathogen-host interface.
过渡金属在生物系统中占据着重要的位置。它们的静电特性可以稳定酶活性中心的底物或反应中间体，而其增强的反应性则被用于催化。然而，这种高活性也使得过渡金属在高浓度下具有毒性。细菌与所有生物一样，必须调节其细胞内这些元素的水平，以满足其生理需求，同时避免伤害。因此，宿主利用过渡金属的必需性和毒性来抵御细菌入侵也就不足为奇了。本综述讨论了病原体-宿主界面上营养金属稳态的既定和新兴范例。
