School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Australia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Apr;27(4):954-65. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318260ed9b.
In team sports, a cycle of training, competition, and recovery occurs weekly during the competitive season. In this research, we evaluated hydrotherapy for recovery from a simulated game of rugby union tracked over a week of training. Twenty-four experienced male rugby union players (mean ± SD age 19.46 ± 0.82 years, weight 82.38 ± 11.12 kg, height 178.54 ± 5.75 cm) were randomly divided into 3 groups: cold water immersion (n = 8), contrast bath therapy (n = 8), and a control group (n = 8). The 2 forms of hydrotherapy were administered immediately after a simulated rugby game. Testing was conducted 1 hour before the game and at 5 intervals postgame: 1, 48, 72, 96, and 144 hours. Dependent variables included countermovement jump, 10- and 40-m sprints, sessional rating of perceived exertion (RPE), flexibility, thigh circumference, and self-reported delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Significant differences in DOMS were found between the cold water immersion and contrast bath groups at 48 hours post intervention (p = 0.02), and between the control and contrast bath groups at 72 (p = 0.03) and 96 (p = 0.04) hours post intervention. Cold water immersion and contrast bath groups reported significantly different RPE at 72 hours (p = ?) and 96 hours post (p = 0.05) intervention. Athletes' perceptions of muscle soreness and sessional RPE scores for training were greater in the contrast bath group (20%) after the simulated game and throughout the training week. Although results from passive and power tests were inconclusive in determining whether cold water immersion or passive recovery was more effective in attenuating fatigue, results indicated contrast baths had little benefit in enhancing recovery during a cyclic week of rugby union.
在团队运动中，在竞技赛季中，每周都会进行训练、比赛和恢复的循环。在这项研究中，我们评估了水疗在一周训练跟踪的橄榄球模拟比赛后的恢复效果。24 名有经验的男性橄榄球联盟运动员（平均±标准差年龄 19.46±0.82 岁，体重 82.38±11.12 公斤，身高 178.54±5.75 厘米）被随机分为 3 组：冷水浸泡组（n=8）、对比浴治疗组（n=8）和对照组（n=8）。两种水疗形式在模拟橄榄球比赛后立即进行。测试在比赛前 1 小时和赛后 5 个时间点进行：1、48、72、96 和 144 小时。因变量包括反跳、10- 和 40-米冲刺、赛段感觉用力评分（RPE）、柔韧性、大腿围度和自我报告的延迟性肌肉酸痛（DOMS）。在干预后 48 小时（p=0.02）和 72 小时（p=0.03）和 96 小时（p=0.04）时，冷水浸泡组和对比浴组的 DOMS 存在显著差异。冷水浸泡组和对比浴组在干预后 72 小时（p=？）和 96 小时（p=0.05）时的 RPE 报告存在显著差异。在模拟比赛后和整个训练周，冷水浸泡组和对比浴组的运动员对肌肉酸痛的感知和赛段 RPE 评分均较高（20%）。尽管被动和力量测试的结果在确定冷水浸泡或被动恢复在减轻疲劳方面哪个更有效时并不明确，但结果表明，在橄榄球联盟的一个周期性周的恢复中，对比浴对恢复没有太大帮助。
