Department of Community Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Scand J Public Health. 2012 Jul;40(5):423-30. doi: 10.1177/1403494812453886. Epub 2012 Jul 13.
To achieve a healthy school environment with good nutrition as recommended by World Health Organization, health-promoting policies are needed.
To ascertain whether Finnish schools had oral-health-promoting policies and whether the presence of the policy was associated with practical actions related to oral-health promotion. Another aim was to determine if and how the policy and the actions had changed in 2007-09.
This longitudinal survey was implemented in Finnish upper comprehensive school classes 7-9 (n=970) in 2007-09. The questionnaire contained 32 questions concerning selling of sweet- and healthy products, school policy, and decision-makers of the policy. From the nine items on the questionnaire, three variables were formed by weighting the response categories: Policy, Exposure, and Enabling. The mean values of each variable were calculated and the statistical significances of the changes were analysed using nonparametric Friedman's test. The correlations between the variables were investigated by Spearman's correlation coefficients.
The majority of schools did not have clearly defined oral-health-promoting policies, then they improved in making them, decreased exposure of pupils to sweet products, and offered more oral-health-enabling factors (p<0.041). In 2009, the oral-health-promoting policy and enabling factors of the schools correlated positively (r=0.200; p=0.001) and pupil exposure to selling of sweet products and oral-health-enabling factors correlated negatively (r=-0.176; p=0.005).
As even a national recommendation do not seem to have a major effect in changing oral-health-promoting policies, schools need more support on their way towards healthier school environment.
为了实现世界卫生组织所建议的健康学校环境和良好营养，需要制定促进健康的政策。
确定芬兰学校是否有促进口腔健康的政策，以及该政策的存在是否与促进口腔健康的实际行动有关。另一个目的是确定该政策及其行动在 2007-09 年是否发生了变化，以及如何变化。
这项纵向调查是在 2007-09 年对芬兰高中 7-9 年级的班级（n=970）进行的。问卷包含 32 个问题，涉及销售甜食和健康产品、学校政策以及政策决策者。从问卷的九个项目中，通过加权回答类别形成了三个变量：政策、暴露和促进。计算了每个变量的平均值，并使用非参数 Friedman 检验分析了变化的统计学意义。使用 Spearman 相关系数研究了变量之间的相关性。
大多数学校没有明确界定的促进口腔健康的政策，但后来在制定政策方面有所改进，减少了学生接触甜食的机会，并提供了更多促进口腔健康的因素（p<0.041）。2009 年，学校的促进口腔健康政策和促进因素呈正相关（r=0.200；p=0.001），而学生接触甜食销售和促进口腔健康的因素呈负相关（r=-0.176；p=0.005）。
由于即使是国家建议似乎也没有对改变促进口腔健康的政策产生重大影响，因此学校在实现更健康的学校环境方面需要更多的支持。
