Monkiedje A, Wall J H, Englande A J, Anderson A C
Dept. of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112.
J Environ Sci Health B. 1990 Dec;25(6):777-86. doi: 10.1080/03601239009372718.
A hemolytic method was developed for the quantitative determination of oleanane saponin (Endod-S) in Phytolacca dodecandra (Phytolaccaceae), a plant with potent molluscicidal properties. A chemical method based on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used as a control for comparison with a hemolysis test. Standard curves for calibration of both tests of Endod-S gave high correlation coefficients. The hemolysis method gave a correlation coefficient of 0.98 for saponin (Endod-S) levels ranging from 1.6 to 4.2 mg/l. The TLC method gave a correlation coefficient of 0.99 for saponin levels above 1.5 micrograms. Due to the action of saponins on erythrocytes, the hemolysis method could not be used at levels below 1.6 and above 4.2 mg/l. Similarly, sample size limited TLC quantitation of these saponins at levels below 1 microgram. Both the TLC and the hemolysis methods on identical Endod-S water samples gave comparable results at saponin levels between 2 and 6 mg/l. A snail bioassay showed that the LC50 and the LC90 concentrations of Endod-S to the snail Biomphalaria glabrata (albino) were 2.57 and 2.92 mg/l respectively. These values fell in the standard curve range for the hemolysis method thus indicating that the hemolysis method is of practical value for testing Endod-S concentrations that would actually be used in field applications for snail control. The hemolysis method is less expensive than TLC and can be easily adapted to field conditions.
开发了一种溶血法，用于定量测定商陆科植物多蕊商陆中具有强效杀螺特性的齐墩果烷皂苷（Endod-S）。基于薄层色谱（TLC）的化学方法用作对照，与溶血试验进行比较。Endod-S两种测试校准的标准曲线具有较高的相关系数。溶血法在皂苷（Endod-S）水平为1.6至4.2mg/L时相关系数为0.98。TLC法在皂苷水平高于1.5微克时相关系数为0.99。由于皂苷对红细胞的作用，溶血法在低于1.6mg/L和高于4.2mg/L的水平下无法使用。同样，样品量限制了TLC对低于1微克水平的这些皂苷的定量。在相同的Endod-S水样上，TLC法和溶血法在皂苷水平为2至6mg/L时给出了可比的结果。蜗牛生物测定表明，Endod-S对光滑双脐螺（白化种）的LC50和LC90浓度分别为2.57和2.92mg/L。这些值落在溶血法的标准曲线范围内，因此表明溶血法对于测试实际用于田间蜗牛控制的Endod-S浓度具有实用价值。溶血法比TLC法成本更低，并且可以很容易地适应田间条件。
