Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2012 Nov;25(6):529-34. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e328356f87f.
This article reviews recent advances in the pharmacological treatment of adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), focusing on the literature of the last 18 months.
Recent works highlight the growing number of treatment options and focus on the effects of pharmacological treatment in special areas of adult ADHD including emotional dysregulation, social functioning or driving performance. Significant clinical improvement was demonstrated in special subgroups, for example, in substance dependent or prison populations with adult ADHD. In our earlier meta-analysis, we estimated the effect size for the pharmacotherapy of adult ADHD in short-term placebo-controlled studies to be in the medium-to-high range (Cohen-d = 0.65). We now replicate these results with the help of most recent studies: stimulants had greater efficacy than nonstimulants.
Recent studies are consistent with prior reports and indicated that pharmacological treatment of adult ADHD is effective in improving symptoms and other domains, such as social dysfunction, functional impairment and executive functions. Furthermore, we calculated effect sizes from the most recent studies and they are almost identical with prior estimates, and in terms of Cohen-d typically indicate medium-to-high effect sizes for the pharmacotherapy of adult ADHD.
本文回顾了近 18 个月来成人注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）药物治疗的最新进展。
最近的研究强调了治疗选择的增多，并关注了药物治疗在成人 ADHD 的特殊领域的效果，包括情绪调节、社交功能或驾驶表现。在特殊亚组中，例如有药物依赖或患有成人 ADHD 的监狱人群中，显示出显著的临床改善。在我们之前的荟萃分析中，我们估计短期安慰剂对照研究中成人 ADHD 的药物治疗的效应量为中到高度（Cohen-d=0.65）。我们现在借助最近的研究重复了这些结果：兴奋剂比非兴奋剂更有效。
最近的研究与之前的报告一致，表明药物治疗成人 ADHD 可有效改善症状和其他领域，如社交功能障碍、功能障碍和执行功能。此外，我们从最近的研究中计算了效应量，它们与之前的估计几乎相同，在 Cohen-d 方面，通常表明成人 ADHD 药物治疗的效应量为中到高度。
