Weissman M M
College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York.
J Psychiatr Res. 1990;24 Suppl 2:157-62. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(90)90047-t.
Evidence that panic and generalized anxiety disorder are separate disorders is presented from a review of epidemiological, family, and twin studies. Generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder have been shown to have different rates and risk factors in the community and different family aggregation, which is consistent with the separation of the disorders. The one small twin study using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Third Edition criteria also supports the separation between these disorders. The concordance for panic disorder is greater among monozygotic than among dizygotic twins. There undoubtedly are overlaps between these disorders, and some patients with generalized anxiety disorder may later develop panic disorder; however, the results thus far support the separation of these disorders.
通过对流行病学、家族和双生子研究的综述，提供了惊恐障碍和广泛性焦虑障碍是不同疾病的证据。广泛性焦虑障碍和惊恐障碍在社区中已显示出不同的发病率和风险因素，以及不同的家族聚集性，这与这两种疾病的区分是一致的。一项使用《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版标准的小型双生子研究也支持这两种疾病之间的区分。单卵双生子中惊恐障碍的一致性高于双卵双生子。毫无疑问，这些疾病之间存在重叠，一些广泛性焦虑障碍患者后来可能会发展为惊恐障碍；然而，迄今为止的结果支持将这些疾病区分开来。
