Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA.
Muscle Nerve. 2012 Aug;46(2):210-7. doi: 10.1002/mus.23289.
This investigation aimed to: (1) confirm whether women were more vulnerable to the negative neuromuscular adaptations elicited by muscle unloading and if so, (2) determine which physiological mechanism(s) explain those gender-related differences.
Healthy young men (20.7 ± 0.3 years) and women (20.3 ± 0.3 years)-(N = 12/group)-participated by completing neuromuscular functional tests before and after 7 days of unloading.
During isokinetic testing of peak torque, work performed, and power, women displayed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) greater declines in performance than men at 1.05 and 2.09, but not 0.53 rads/s. During maximal isometric contractions, women experienced greater strength decrements. Similar gender-specific adaptations to unloading were found in EMG activity, but not muscle mass, neuromuscular transmission, or force relative to EMG.
Women are more susceptible to the adaptations of muscle unloading, and disturbances in neural drive from the central nervous system are probably responsible.
本研究旨在：（1）确认女性是否更容易受到肌肉失用引起的负性神经肌肉适应性改变的影响，如果是这样，（2）确定哪些生理机制解释了这些性别相关的差异。
健康的年轻男性（20.7 ± 0.3 岁）和女性（20.3 ± 0.3 岁）-（每组 12 人）-通过在 7 天的失用后完成神经肌肉功能测试来参与。
在等速测试中，峰值扭矩、做功和功率，女性在 1.05 和 2.09 时的表现下降明显（P≤0.05），但在 0.53 rad/s 时则不然。在最大等长收缩时，女性的力量下降更为明显。在肌电图活动中发现了类似的性别特异性失用适应，但肌肉质量、神经肌肉传递或相对于肌电图的力没有改变。
女性更容易受到肌肉失用的适应影响，而来自中枢神经系统的神经驱动紊乱可能是造成这种情况的原因。
