Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Ann Rev Mar Sci. 2013;5:247-68. doi: 10.1146/annurev-marine-121211-172258.
The use of clean sampling and incubation methods and the development of biomass-independent techniques for estimating the rates of growth and grazing mortality of phytoplankton in the ocean have resulted in estimates of phytoplankton growth rates that are approximately twice those reported prior to roughly 1980. Light-saturated growth rates in tropical and subtropical latitudes correspond to a doubling time of roughly 1 day. The results of mesoscale nutrient-enrichment experiments and comparison of growth rates with estimates of strictly temperature-limited rates indicate that light-saturated growth rates are no more than 50% of nutrient-saturated values, a conclusion consistent with the resiliency of food webs to perturbations. Phytoplankton growth rates in the euphotic zone of the ocean appear to be controlled largely by the grazing activities of micro- and mesozooplankton and the recycling of nutrients associated with the catabolism of consumed prey.
采用清洁的采样和培养方法，并开发出不依赖生物量的技术来估算海洋浮游植物的生长率和摄食死亡率，这使得浮游植物的生长率估计值比大约 1980 年之前报告的数值增加了近一倍。在热带和亚热带地区，光饱和生长率对应的倍增时间约为 1 天。中尺度营养盐富集实验的结果以及与严格受温度限制的速率的估计值的比较表明，光饱和生长率不超过营养盐饱和值的 50%，这一结论与食物网对扰动的恢复能力一致。海洋透光层中的浮游植物生长率似乎主要受到微食物网和中型浮游动物的摄食活动以及与消耗猎物的分解代谢相关的营养物质再循环的控制。
