Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24601, USA.
Ann Rev Mar Sci. 2013;5:69-94. doi: 10.1146/annurev-marine-121211-172426. Epub 2012 Sep 17.
It is increasingly important to understand and predict how marine environments respond to changes in climate and sea level and to variability in sediment flux from rivers. The dynamics of these factors occur over several orders of temporal magnitude and, under favorable geologic conditions, contribute to long-lived sediment accumulation. Thus, stratigraphic successions along continental margins are archives of these environmental changes and can be used to reconstruct land-ocean linkages, which provide important context for shorter-term and future modifications to this critical zone. Here, we discuss an integrated approach to the analysis of deep-time sediment archives (>10(6) years) that considers the entire system, from eroding catchments where sediment is produced to subsiding basins where sediment accumulates. This holistic approach is presented within the framework of fundamental concepts about sedimentary-basin analysis and stratigraphic characterization through a combination of foundational literature and studies that represent the state of the art.
了解和预测海洋环境如何应对气候变化和海平面变化以及河流泥沙通量变化变得越来越重要。这些因素的动态变化在时间尺度上跨越了几个数量级，并且在有利的地质条件下，有助于长期的泥沙积累。因此，大陆边缘的地层序列是这些环境变化的档案，可以用来重建陆海联系，为这一关键区域的短期和未来变化提供重要背景。在这里，我们讨论了一种综合分析深时沉积物档案（>10^6 年）的方法，该方法考虑了从产生沉积物的侵蚀集水区到沉降盆地的整个系统，在这个整体方法中，通过结合基础文献和代表最新技术水平的研究，介绍了有关沉积盆地分析和地层特征的基本概念。
