Cavka Mislav, Petaros Anja, Ivanac Gordana, Aganović Lejla, Janković Ivor, Reiter Gert, Speier Peter, Nielles-Vallespin Sonja, Brkljacić Boris
University of Zagreb, Dubrava University Hospital, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Zagreb, Croatia.
Coll Antropol. 2012 Mar;36(1):281-6.
The challenging mission of paleopathologists is to be capable to diagnose a disease just on the basis of limited information gained by means of one or more paleodiagnostic techniques. In this study a radiologic, anthropologic and paleopathologic analysis of an ancient Egyptian mummy through X-rays, CT and MR was conducted. An Ancient Egyptian mummy ("Mistress of the house", Archeological Museum, Zagreb, Croatia) underwent digital radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging employing 3-dimensional ultra-short-echo time (UTE) sequence, that allows to image ancient dry tissue. Morphological observations on the skull and pelvis, the stages of epiphyseal union and dental wear indicated that the remains are those of a young adult male. Multiple osseous lytic lesions were observed throughout the spine as well as on the frontal, parietal, and occipital bone, orbital wall and the sella turcica of the sphenoid. Considering the sex and age of the individual and the features of the lesions, the authors propose the diagnosis of Hand-Schueller-Christian's disease. This is the first study to have effectively used MR images in the differential diagnosis of a disease. It also confirmed the CT value in revealing central nervous system involvement just by detecting skeletal lesions. Although the mummy was previously dated to 3rd century B.C. based on the properties of the sarcophagi, the sex of the mummy suggests that it was most probably transferred into these sarcophagi in later times. The mummification techniques used and radiometric data (C14) dated it to 900-790. B.C.
古病理学家面临的一项具有挑战性的任务是，仅依据通过一种或多种古诊断技术获得的有限信息来诊断疾病。在本研究中，通过X射线、CT和MR对一具古埃及木乃伊进行了放射学、人类学和古病理学分析。一具古埃及木乃伊（“房屋女主人”，克罗地亚萨格勒布考古博物馆）接受了数字射线照相、计算机断层扫描以及采用三维超短回波时间（UTE）序列的磁共振成像，该序列能够对古代干组织进行成像。对头骨和骨盆的形态学观察、骨骺联合阶段以及牙齿磨损情况表明，这些遗骸是一名年轻成年男性的。在整个脊柱以及额骨、顶骨、枕骨、眶壁和蝶骨的蝶鞍处均观察到多个骨质溶解病变。考虑到个体的性别和年龄以及病变特征，作者提出诊断为汉-许-克病。这是第一项在疾病鉴别诊断中有效使用MR图像的研究。它还证实了CT在仅通过检测骨骼病变来揭示中枢神经系统受累方面的价值。尽管根据石棺的特征，这具木乃伊先前被定为公元前3世纪，但木乃伊的性别表明它很可能是在后来被转移到这些石棺中的。所使用的木乃伊制作技术和放射性数据（碳-14）将其年代定为公元前900 - 790年。
