Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Department of Biology, University of Minnesota-Duluth, 207 Swenson Science Building, 1035 Kirby Drive, Duluth, MN 55812-3004, USA.
New Phytol. 2012 Sep;195(4):752-765. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04230.x. Epub 2012 Jul 23.
Evolution proceeds unceasingly in all biological populations. It is clear that climate-driven evolution has molded plants in deep time and within extant populations. However, it is less certain whether adaptive evolution can proceed sufficiently rapidly to maintain the fitness and demographic stability of populations subjected to exceptionally rapid contemporary climate change. Here, we consider this question, drawing on current evidence on the rate of plant range shifts and the potential for an adaptive evolutionary response. We emphasize advances in understanding based on theoretical studies that model interacting evolutionary processes, and we provide an overview of quantitative genetic approaches that can parameterize these models to provide more meaningful predictions of the dynamic interplay between genetics, demography and evolution. We outline further research that can clarify both the adaptive potential of plant populations as climate continues to change and the role played by ongoing adaptation in their persistence.
生物群体中的进化一直在持续不断地进行。很明显，气候驱动的进化在深远的时间尺度和现存的种群中塑造了植物。然而，对于适应性进化是否能够足够迅速地进行，以维持适应异常快速的当代气候变化的种群的适应性和人口稳定性，人们的认识还不够确定。在这里，我们考虑了这个问题，借鉴了关于植物分布范围转移速度的现有证据以及适应性进化反应的潜力。我们强调了基于模型相互作用进化过程的理论研究的进展，并提供了定量遗传方法的概述，这些方法可以对这些模型进行参数化，从而更有意义地预测遗传、人口和进化之间的动态相互作用。我们概述了进一步的研究，可以澄清植物种群的适应潜力，以及在其持续存在中正在进行的适应所起的作用。
