Ackroff K, Vigorito M, Sclafani A
Department of Psychology, Brooklyn College, NY 11210.
Appetite. 1990 Dec;15(3):171-88. doi: 10.1016/0195-6663(90)90018-4.
Fat appetite was studied in rats using corn oil and mineral oil emulsions. In Experiment 1 ingestive responses to intraoral infusions were measured in rat pups 6-15 days of age. By 12-15 days of age pups responded more to oil emulsions (10% and 30%) than they did to water or emulsifier solution. The corn and mineral oil emulsions were almost as effective as milk but less effective than sucrose (0.3M) in stimulating ingestion. Experiments 2 and 3 examined the acceptance and preference for oil emulsions in adult rats. The corn oil and mineral oil emulsions were equally acceptable to non-deprived rats, as measured by 3-min and 30-min one-bottle tests. Food deprivation increased the one-bottle intake of both emulsions. In two-bottle tests, rats displayed a slight corn oil preference when non-deprived, but developed a strong preference when food deprived. Taken together, the results suggest that rats have an unlearned attraction to the orosensory qualities of emulsified oils and they learn to prefer corn oil based on its postingestive nutritive effects.
利用玉米油和矿物油乳剂对大鼠的脂肪食欲进行了研究。在实验1中，对6至15日龄的幼鼠测量了对口内输注的摄食反应。到12至15日龄时，幼鼠对油乳剂（10%和30%）的反应比对水或乳化剂溶液的反应更大。玉米油和矿物油乳剂在刺激摄食方面几乎与牛奶一样有效，但比蔗糖（0.3M）的效果要差。实验2和3研究了成年大鼠对油乳剂的接受度和偏好。通过3分钟和30分钟的单瓶试验测量，玉米油和矿物油乳剂对未禁食的大鼠同样可接受。食物剥夺增加了两种乳剂的单瓶摄入量。在双瓶试验中，大鼠在未禁食时对玉米油略有偏好，但在食物剥夺时则表现出强烈的偏好。综合来看，结果表明大鼠对乳化油的口感觉特性有一种先天的吸引力，并且它们基于摄入后玉米油的营养作用而学会偏好玉米油。
