Midwest Palliative & Hospice CareCenter, Glenview, IL, USA.
Nurs Outlook. 2013 Jan-Feb;61(1):e2-8. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2012.05.006. Epub 2012 Jul 20.
Functional loss during hospitalization can prevent older adults from returning home. This study was designed to examine the effects of an intervention on discharge destination, function, length of stay (LOS), pressure ulcers, and fall rate in older adults ≥ 75 years old. The intervention included staff education on geriatric care and infrastructural change to promote function. Data on discharge destination and the change in function measured by Katz's activities of daily living (ADL) were collected. The LOS, pressure ulcer, and fall rate were compared with previous year's data using t-tests, and Chi-square analyses. There was a 14% increase in discharges to home (n = 404), minimal ADL loss (4.60 baseline ADL vs. 4.20 discharge ADL), and a significant decrease in nosocomial pressure ulcer. There was no decrease in LOS or fall rate. This preliminary study suggests that staff education with infrastructural change to promote independence may be helpful in patients' return to home, functional status, and hospital complications.
住院期间的功能丧失可能会阻止老年人返回家中。本研究旨在探讨干预措施对 75 岁及以上老年人出院去向、功能、住院时间 (LOS)、压疮和跌倒率的影响。干预措施包括对老年护理和基础设施的改变以促进功能的员工教育。收集了有关出院去向和由 Katz 日常生活活动 (ADL) 测量的功能变化的数据。使用 t 检验和卡方分析比较 LOS、压疮和跌倒率与前一年的数据。出院回家的人数增加了 14%（n=404），ADL 最小损失（基线 ADL 为 4.60，出院 ADL 为 4.20），医院获得性压疮显著减少。住院时间或跌倒率没有下降。这项初步研究表明，员工教育和基础设施改变以促进独立性可能有助于患者返回家中、功能状态和医院并发症。
