Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, United Kingdom.
Ageing Res Rev. 2013 Jan;12(1):354-64. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.06.005. Epub 2012 Jul 20.
Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are highly prevalent and problematic in care settings. Given the limited effectiveness of medical treatments, training care staff to understand and manage these symptoms is essential for the safety and quality of life of people with dementia. This review evaluated the effectiveness of staff training interventions for reducing BPSD. A systematic literature search identified 273 studies. Twenty studies, published between 1998 and 2010, were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Overall, there was some evidence that staff training interventions can impact on BPSD: twelve studies resulted in significant symptom reductions, four studies found positive trends and four studies found no impact on symptoms. No links were found between the theoretical orientation of training programmes and their effectiveness. Training was also found to impact on the way staff behaved towards residents. A quality screening, using pre-specified criteria, revealed numerous methodological weaknesses and many studies did not adhere to the recommended guidelines for the conduct of cluster randomised controlled trials. There is an urgent need for more high quality research and evidence-based practice in BPSD.
痴呆的行为和心理症状（BPSD）在护理环境中非常普遍且成问题。鉴于医学治疗的效果有限，培训护理人员了解和管理这些症状对于痴呆患者的安全和生活质量至关重要。本综述评估了员工培训干预措施对减少 BPSD 的有效性。系统文献检索确定了 273 项研究。发现有 20 项发表于 1998 年至 2010 年之间的研究符合纳入标准。总体而言，有一些证据表明员工培训干预措施可以对 BPSD 产生影响：12 项研究导致症状显著减轻，4 项研究发现有积极趋势，4 项研究发现对症状没有影响。培训计划的理论方向与它们的有效性之间没有联系。培训还发现对员工对居民的行为方式产生了影响。使用预先规定的标准进行质量筛选，揭示了许多方法学上的弱点，并且许多研究没有遵守针对群组随机对照试验的建议指南。BPSD 需要更多高质量的研究和循证实践。
