Univ. Bordeaux, Psychologie, Santé et Qualité de vie, EA4139, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013 Jun;28(6):580-8. doi: 10.1002/gps.3862. Epub 2012 Jul 22.
The objective of this study was to explore the associations of individual characteristics of both older people with dementia and family caregivers with the nutritional status of older people with dementia.
This cross-sectional study comprising 56 community-dwelling older persons with dementia and 56 family caregivers was conducted at home by a psychogerontologist working for a community gerontological center. Older people with dementia were assessed with Mini mental state examination, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and NeuroPsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and family caregivers with the Burden Interview (Zarit scale), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the emotional impact measure of NPI. For both, nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA).
Among older people with dementia, 58.9% were at risk of malnutrition and 23.2% presented a poor nutritional status, and among the family caregivers, 32.1% and 5.4%, respectively. The MNA score of older people with dementia was strongly and inversely associated with the ADL score and was strongly and positively associated with the MNA score of family caregiver. These two factors significantly explained 32% of variation of MNA score of older people with dementia.
These findings confirm the value of investigating nutritional deficiencies in dementia within the caregiving dyad and suggest that the functional status of older people with dementia and the nutritional status of family caregivers should be carefully assessed.
本研究旨在探讨痴呆老年人个体特征和家庭照顾者特征与痴呆老年人营养状况的关系。
本横断面研究在社区老年医学中心工作的心理老年学家在家庭环境中对 56 名社区居住的痴呆老年人和 56 名家庭照顾者进行了评估。采用简易精神状态检查、工具性日常生活活动、日常生活活动（ADL）和神经精神问卷（NPI）评估痴呆老年人，采用负担访谈（Zarit 量表）、状态-特质焦虑问卷、流行病学研究中心抑郁量表和 NPI 的情感影响测量评估家庭照顾者。对两者均采用微型营养评估（MNA）评估营养状况。
在痴呆老年人中，58.9%存在营养不良风险，23.2%存在营养不良，而在家庭照顾者中，分别为 32.1%和 5.4%。痴呆老年人的 MNA 评分与 ADL 评分呈强烈负相关，与家庭照顾者的 MNA 评分呈强烈正相关。这两个因素显著解释了痴呆老年人 MNA 评分变化的 32%。
这些发现证实了在照顾者对中调查痴呆症患者营养不足的价值，并表明痴呆老年人的功能状态和家庭照顾者的营养状况应仔细评估。
