个体化营养指导改善老年家庭照顾者的饮食摄入：一项随机对照试验。

Individually tailored nutritional guidance improved dietary intake of older family caregivers: a randomized controlled trial.

机构信息

Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.

Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.

出版信息

Eur J Nutr. 2022 Oct;61(7):3585-3596. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02908-w. Epub 2022 May 27.

DOI:10.1007/s00394-022-02908-w

PMID:35622137

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9136734/

Abstract

PURPOSE

Older family caregivers (FCs) are vulnerable to insufficient dietary intake and risk of malnutrition. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of individually tailored nutritional guidance on the dietary intake and nutritional status of older FCs and their care recipients' (CRs') nutritional status.

METHODS

This study was a randomized controlled 6-month nutrition intervention in Eastern Finland. The inclusion criteria for FCs were having a home-living CR aged 65 or above and a valid care allowance. The exclusion criterion was CR receiving end-of-life care at baseline. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention (FCs n = 63, CRs n = 59) and a control (FCs n = 50, CRs n = 48) group. Individually tailored nutritional guidance targeted to FCs was given to an intervention group by a clinical nutritionist. The main outcomes were dietary intake (3-day food record).

RESULTS

After the 6-month intervention, 63 FCs and 59 CRs in the intervention group and 50 FCs and 48 CRs in the control group were analyzed. In the intervention group of FCs, the intakes of protein, riboflavin, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, and iodine differed significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. In addition, the intake of vitamin D supplementation improved in the intervention group of the FCs and CRs (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Individually tailored nutrition guidance improves the intake levels of crucial nutrients, such as the intake levels of protein, vitamin D, and calcium of the FCs. Further studies are warranted to optimize the methods to improve the nutrition of FCs. Registration number of Clinical Trials: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04003493 (1 July 2019).

摘要

目的

老年家庭照顾者（FCs）容易出现饮食摄入不足和营养不良的风险。本研究旨在评估个性化营养指导对老年 FCs 及其照顾对象（CRs）营养状况的饮食摄入和营养状况的影响。

方法

这是一项在芬兰东部进行的随机对照 6 个月营养干预研究。FCs 的纳入标准为：照顾一名年龄在 65 岁及以上且有有效护理津贴的居家居住的 CR。排除标准为基线时接受临终关怀的 CR。参与者被随机分配到干预组（FCs n=63，CRs n=59）和对照组（FCs n=50，CRs n=48）。由临床营养师为干预组的 FCs 提供个性化营养指导。主要结局为饮食摄入（3 天食物记录）。

结果

经过 6 个月的干预，干预组的 63 名 FCs 和 59 名 CRs 以及对照组的 50 名 FCs 和 48 名 CRs 进行了分析。干预组 FCs 的蛋白质、核黄素、钙、钾、磷和碘摄入量与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（p<0.05）。此外，干预组 FCs 和 CRs 的维生素 D 补充剂摄入量也有所改善（p<0.001）。