Killewo J, Nyamuryekunge K, Sandström A, Bredberg-Rådén U, Wall S, Mhalu F, Biberfeld G
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dares Salaam, Tanzania.
AIDS. 1990 Nov;4(11):1081-5. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199011000-00005.
A population-based survey was carried out in the Kagera region of the United Republic of Tanzania in 1987 to determine the magnitude of HIV-1 infection and to study associated risk factors. The region was divided into one urban and three rural zones. A multistage cluster sampling technique was adopted. Antibodies to HIV-1 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed by Western blot analysis. A total of 2,475 adults (aged 15-54 years) and 1,961 children (aged 0-14 years) was studied. The overall prevalence of HIV-1 infection among adults was 9.6%, with a higher prevalence in the urban zone (24.2%) than in the three rural zones (10.0, 4.5 and 0.4%, respectively). The corresponding figures for children were 1.3% overall: 3.9% in the urban area and for the rural areas 1.2, 0.8 and 0.0%, respectively. The age-specific seroprevalence for adults was highest in the age group 25-34 years. The age-standardized sex-specific prevalence was higher among women than men in the urban zone, while it was the same in the rural zones. Change of sexual partners among adults was associated with an increased risk of HIV-1 seropositivity. Travelling outside the region but within the country was also found to be associated with increased risk of HIV-1 infection but only in the rural population.
1987年在坦桑尼亚联合共和国的卡盖拉地区开展了一项基于人群的调查，以确定HIV-1感染的规模并研究相关危险因素。该地区分为一个城市区和三个农村区。采用了多阶段整群抽样技术。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法检测HIV-1抗体，并通过蛋白质印迹分析进行确认。共研究了2475名成年人（年龄在15至54岁之间）和1961名儿童（年龄在0至14岁之间）。成年人中HIV-1感染的总体患病率为9.6%，城市区的患病率（24.2%）高于三个农村区（分别为10.0%、4.5%和0.4%）。儿童的相应数字总体为1.3%：城市地区为3.9%，农村地区分别为1.2%、0.8%和0.0%。成年人中按年龄组划分的血清阳性率在25至34岁年龄组中最高。城市区按年龄标准化的性别特异性患病率女性高于男性，而农村区则相同。成年人中更换性伴侣与HIV-1血清阳性风险增加有关。在该地区以外但在国内旅行也被发现与HIV-1感染风险增加有关，但仅在农村人口中如此。
