Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2012 Oct;37(5):947-54. doi: 10.1139/h2012-075. Epub 2012 Jul 23.
Physical activity (PA), total body fat (TBF), and lean body mass (LBM) are associated with bone mineral density (BMD). However, the independent influence of PA on BMD, while controlling for body composition is not understood as well and is the purpose of the current study. Whole-body BMD (g·cm⁻²), femoral neck BMD (g·cm⁻²), TBF (kg), and LBM (kg) were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. PA levels (total, work, sport, non-sport) were estimated using the Baecke questionnaire. General linear models determined the independent effects of PA on BMD (whole-body and femoral neck), with adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, menopausal status (as appropriate), LBM, and TBF. These associations were also examined by sex and age group (20-34, 35-49, and 50-64 years). The sample included 802 adults (65% women; 13% African American) from the Pennington Center Longitudinal Study that were 20 to 64 years of age (mean ± SD: 46.9 ± 11.0 years). Higher sports scores were associated with higher femoral neck BMD in the total group, men and women, and in 20- to 34-year-olds and 35- to 49-year-olds, but not significant in those 50-64 years of age. Similar significant associations were found for sports score with total body BMD; however, this relationship was not significant for women or for those 50-64 years of age. Total PA had inconsistent relationships with both femoral neck BMD and total body BMD. Higher levels of sport-related PA are associated with higher femoral neck BMD; however, these relationships vary by PA domain and site of BMD measurement.
身体活动（PA）、总体体脂（TBF）和瘦体重（LBM）与骨密度（BMD）有关。然而，在控制身体成分的情况下，PA 对 BMD 的独立影响还不太清楚，这也是当前研究的目的。全身 BMD（g·cm⁻²）、股骨颈 BMD（g·cm⁻²）、TBF（kg）和 LBM（kg）均采用双能 X 射线吸收法测量。使用 Baecke 问卷估计 PA 水平（总、工作、运动、非运动）。采用一般线性模型确定 PA 对 BMD（全身和股骨颈）的独立影响，调整年龄、性别、种族、吸烟、绝经状态（视情况而定）、LBM 和 TBF。还按性别和年龄组（20-34 岁、35-49 岁和 50-64 岁）检查了这些关联。该样本包括来自 Pennington 中心纵向研究的 802 名成年人（65%为女性；13%为非裔美国人），年龄为 20 至 64 岁（平均值±标准差：46.9±11.0 岁）。总组、男性和女性以及 20-34 岁和 35-49 岁的人，运动得分越高，股骨颈 BMD 越高，但 50-64 岁的人则不显著。运动得分与全身 BMD 也存在类似的显著关联；然而，这种关系在女性或 50-64 岁的人中并不显著。总 PA 与股骨颈 BMD 和全身 BMD 的关系不一致。较高水平的运动相关 PA 与股骨颈 BMD 较高有关；然而，这些关系因 PA 领域和 BMD 测量部位而异。
