Blane D, Smith G D, Bartley M
Department of Psychiatry, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London.
BMJ. 1990 Sep 1;301(6749):429-32. doi: 10.1136/bmj.301.6749.429.
British social class differences in mortality are examined in terms of years of potential life lost, a measure that gives more weight to deaths that take place at younger ages. It shows wider class differences during the years of working life than those found when mortality is expressed in terms of standardised mortality ratios. Examination of the change in class differences between 1971 and 1981 for all causes of death combined and for the three categories of death which during these ages make a major contribution to total years of potential life lost shows complex changes. Inequalities in years of potential life lost have increased between 1971 and 1981, during which all the principal causes of death have shown stationary or rising rates among the manual classes. The use of years of potential life lost as a measure of population health trends focuses attention on the major contribution of violent death, which occurs mainly in younger men, to widening class differences in mortality.
英国社会阶层在死亡率方面的差异，是根据潜在寿命损失年数来考察的，这一衡量标准更重视在较年轻年龄段发生的死亡。与用标准化死亡率来表示死亡率时相比，它显示出在工作年龄段期间阶层差异更大。对1971年至1981年期间所有死因综合起来以及对在这些年龄段对潜在寿命损失总年数有重大贡献的三类死亡的阶层差异变化进行考察，结果显示出复杂的变化。在1971年至1981年期间，潜在寿命损失年数方面的不平等有所增加，在此期间，所有主要死因在体力劳动者阶层中都呈现出稳定或上升的比率。将潜在寿命损失年数用作衡量人口健康趋势的指标，使人们将注意力集中在暴力死亡上，暴力死亡主要发生在较年轻男性中，它对死亡率方面不断扩大的阶层差异起到了主要作用。
