Department of General and Clinical Anatomy, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2013;755:213-20. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-4546-9_27.
Rhinitis is a common disease of women during pregnancy. It can start in almost any gestational week and disappears after delivery. The main symptoms are sneezing, nasal congestion or running nose. The diagnosis is usually based on history, physical examination, blood tests, and exclusion of the other more common types of rhinitis. The etiology remains to be clarified. The rhinitis may be caused by numerous substances and hormones secreted during pregnancy (PGH, VIP, estrogen, progesterone). They lead to changes in the nasal mucosa in the form of increased activity of serous-mucous glands and increase of their vasculature. The best treatment is using saline irrigations, exercise, and mechanical alar dilators. The nasal decongestants provide only temporary relief. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of pregnancy rhinitis. The study was conducted on 117 pregnant women in the province of the West Pomerania in 2009-2010. The information was obtained from interviews, questionnaires, and data contained in pregnancy records. About 39% of pregnant women suffered from pregnancy rhinitis. Most such ailments were found during 13th and 21st week of gestation. Doctors should pay more attention to symptoms which result from pregnancy rhinitis, which are reported by their patients. The quality of prenatal care understood as an education of pregnant women as far as pregnancy rhinitis is concerned, is much insufficient. Pregnancy rhinitis significantly affects quality of life of pregnant women and, as a result, it may affect fetal development.
鼻炎是孕妇常见的疾病。它几乎可以在任何妊娠周开始，并在分娩后消失。主要症状是打喷嚏、鼻塞或流鼻涕。诊断通常基于病史、体格检查、血液检查和排除其他更常见类型的鼻炎。病因仍不清楚。鼻炎可能是由怀孕期间分泌的许多物质和激素（PGH、VIP、雌激素、孕激素）引起的。它们导致鼻黏膜以浆液粘液腺活性增加和血管增加的形式发生变化。最好的治疗方法是使用盐水冲洗、运动和机械鼻翼扩张器。鼻减充血剂只能暂时缓解症状。本研究旨在评估妊娠鼻炎的患病率。该研究于 2009-2010 年在西波美拉尼亚省对 117 名孕妇进行了调查。信息是通过访谈、问卷调查和妊娠记录中包含的数据获得的。大约 39%的孕妇患有妊娠鼻炎。大多数此类疾病发生在妊娠第 13 周和第 21 周。医生应该更加关注由妊娠鼻炎引起的症状，这些症状是由他们的患者报告的。作为对妊娠鼻炎的孕妇教育，产前保健的质量（理解为）远远不够。妊娠鼻炎会显著影响孕妇的生活质量，因此可能会影响胎儿的发育。
