Yoshida T, Udo M, Chida M, Ichioka M, Makiguchi K, Yamaguchi T
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka University, Japan.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1990;61(3-4):197-201. doi: 10.1007/BF00357599.
The present study was designed to evaluate the specificity of physiological adaptation to extra endurance training in five female competitive walkers and six female distance runners. The mean velocity (v) during training, corresponding to 4 mM blood lactate [onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA)] during treadmill incremental exercise (training v was 2.86 m.s-1, SD 0.21 in walkers and 4.02 m.s-1, SD 0.11 in runners) was added to their normal training programme and was performed for 20 min, 6 days a week for 8 weeks, and was called extra training. An additional six female distance runners performed only their normal training programme every day for about 120 min at an exercise intensity equivalent to their lactate threshold (LT) (i.e. a running v of about 3.33 m.s-1). After the extra training, there were statistically significant increases in blood lactate variables (i.e. oxygen uptake (VO2) at LT, v at LT, VO2 at OBLA, v at OBLA; P less than 0.05), and running v for 3,000 m (P less than 0.01) in the running training group. In the walking training group, there were significant increases in blood lactate variables (i.e., v at LT, v at OBLA; P less than 0.05), and walking economy. In contrast, there were no significant changes in lactate variables, running v and economy in the group of runners which carried out only the normal training programme. It is suggested that the changes in blood lactate variables such as LT and OBLA played a role in improving v of both the distance runners and the competitive walkers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究旨在评估5名女子竞走运动员和6名女子长跑运动员对额外耐力训练的生理适应特异性。将训练期间的平均速度（v），即跑步机递增运动期间对应4 mM血乳酸时的速度[血乳酸积累起始点（OBLA）]（竞走运动员的训练v为2.86 m·s⁻¹，标准差0.21；长跑运动员的训练v为4.02 m·s⁻¹，标准差0.11）添加到她们的常规训练计划中，每周进行6天，每次20分钟，共进行8周，这被称为额外训练。另外6名女子长跑运动员每天仅进行约120分钟的常规训练计划，运动强度相当于她们的乳酸阈值（LT）（即跑步v约为3.33 m·s⁻¹）。额外训练后，跑步训练组的血乳酸变量（即LT时的摄氧量（VO₂）、LT时的v、OBLA时的VO₂、OBLA时的v；P<0.05）以及3000米跑步v（P<0.01）有统计学显著增加。在竞走训练组中，血乳酸变量（即LT时的v、OBLA时的v；P<0.05）以及竞走经济性有显著增加。相比之下，仅进行常规训练计划的长跑运动员组的乳酸变量、跑步v和经济性没有显著变化。建议血乳酸变量如LT和OBLA的变化在提高长跑运动员和竞走运动员的v方面发挥了作用。（摘要截选至250字）
