Department of Medical-Surgical Science and Biotechnology, University of Rome Sapienza, Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy.
Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2012 Oct;12(8):1016-31. doi: 10.2174/156800912803251207.
Adult high grade gliomas (HGG) are the most frequent and fatal primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Despite recent advances in the knowledge of the pathology and the molecular features of this neoplasm, its prognosis remains poor. In the last years temozolomide (TMZ) has dramatically changed the life expectancy of these patients: the association of this drug with radiotherapy (RT), followed by TMZ alone, is the current standard of care. However, malignant gliomas often remain resistant to chemotherapy (CHT). Therefore, preclinical and clinical research efforts have been directed on identifying and understanding the different mechanisms of chemo-resistance operating in this subset of tumors,in order to develop effective strategies to overcome resistance. Moreover, the evidence of alterations in signal transduction pathways underlying tumor progression, has increased the number of trials investigating molecular target agents, such as anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anti- vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. The purpose of this review is to point out the current standard of treatment and to explore new available target therapies in HGG.
成人高级别胶质瘤（HGG）是最常见和致命的原发性中枢神经系统（CNS）肿瘤。尽管近年来对该肿瘤的病理学和分子特征有了更多的了解，但它的预后仍然很差。在过去的几年中，替莫唑胺（TMZ）极大地改变了这些患者的预期寿命：该药物与放疗（RT）联合使用，随后单独使用 TMZ，是目前的治疗标准。然而，恶性胶质瘤往往对化疗（CHT）仍然有耐药性。因此，临床前和临床研究的重点是确定和理解在这组肿瘤中起作用的不同化疗耐药机制，以便开发有效的策略来克服耐药性。此外，肿瘤进展相关信号转导通路改变的证据，增加了许多试验研究分子靶向药物，如抗表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）和抗血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）信号。本文的目的是指出目前的治疗标准，并探讨 HGG 中可用的新靶向治疗方法。
