Centro de Desenvolvimento e Planejamento Regional de Minas Gerais, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627 FACE-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
Health Place. 2012 Sep;18(5):942-50. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.06.014. Epub 2012 Jul 7.
This paper investigates the extent of socioeconomic inequalities in antenatal care use and related medical procedures in Brazil and India, which represent transition economies with contrasting geographical and sociocultural composition and health care provision. Concentration indices and regression analyses applied on recent Demographic Health Survey data reveal high and proportionate distribution of antenatal coverage in Brazil, whereas the Indian case present problems of both scale and equity. Inequalities in access to four or more antenatal visits are significantly pronounced in India, and in Brazil the differences are significant only for those who had six or more visits. Brazil's universal healthcare model which proved effective in promoting equitable distribution of antenatal care could be implemented in India. Future interventions should emphasis quality of care in monitoring essential antenatal services especially targeting the poor and deprived communities.
本论文调查了巴西和印度在产前护理使用及相关医疗程序方面存在的社会经济不平等程度，这两个国家都属于过渡经济体，具有不同的地理和社会文化构成以及医疗保健服务提供情况。利用最近的人口健康调查数据进行的集中指数和回归分析表明，巴西的产前护理覆盖率较高且分布较为均衡，而印度则存在规模和公平性两方面的问题。在印度，获得四次或更多次产前检查的机会不平等现象非常明显，而在巴西，只有接受六次或更多次产前检查的人之间才存在显著差异。巴西的全民医疗保健模式在促进产前护理公平分配方面效果显著，可以在印度实施。未来的干预措施应重点关注基本产前服务的质量，特别是针对贫困和弱势群体的服务。
