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[楚科奇海沿岸和内陆地区原住民对滴滴涕的接触特异性]

[Specificity of exposure of the indigenous dwellers of coastal and inland Chukotka to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane].

作者信息

Dudarev A A, Chupachin V S, Ivanova Z S, Lebedev G B

出版信息

Gig Sanit. 2012 Mar-Apr(2):15-20.

PMID:22834258
Abstract

In the indigenous dwellers of coastal Chukotka, blood DDT levels are 1.5-2 times higher than those of continental areas, which is due to the higher global DDT pollution of a sea food chain. The blood levels of 4,4-DDE in the reproductive-age women of coastal Chukotka are comparable to those in other Russian Arctic regions, slightly lower than in Greenland, but essentially higher than in Canada, Alaska and Scandinavian countries. Blood DDE/DDT ratio in the coastal indigenous dwellers is almost twice higher than that in the inland inhabitants, which is indicative of the "older" exposure of coastal people to DDT. There was an about equal (70-75%) decrease in 4,4-DDE and 4,4-DDT levels with a practically invariable ratio (12-15) and a nearly equal elimination half-life period (about 3.5 years) in the mothers of coastal Chukotka 5 years after the first examination. The elevated 4,4-DDE/4,4-DDT ratios in the tissues of sea mammals generally correspond to higher isomer ratios in the blood of coastal natives and relatively low 4,4-DDE/4,4-DDT ratios in the venison, fowl, and fish predetermine lower ratios in the blood of inland inhabitants. The extremely low of DDE/DDT ratio (0.4) in the washouts and scrapes from the kitchen walls of dwellings are conclusively associated with the recent application of DDT as a household insecticide.

摘要

在楚科奇海沿岸的原住民中,血液中的滴滴涕水平比大陆地区高1.5至2倍,这是由于海产品食物链受到的全球滴滴涕污染更严重。楚科奇海沿岸育龄妇女血液中的4,4-滴滴伊水平与俄罗斯其他北极地区相当,略低于格陵兰岛,但明显高于加拿大、阿拉斯加和斯堪的纳维亚国家。沿海原住民血液中滴滴伊/滴滴涕的比例几乎是内陆居民的两倍,这表明沿海居民接触滴滴涕的时间“更长”。在首次检查5年后,楚科奇海沿岸母亲血液中的4,4-滴滴伊和4,4-滴滴涕水平下降了约70%至75%,比例几乎不变(12至15),消除半衰期也几乎相等(约3.5年)。海洋哺乳动物组织中升高的4,4-滴滴伊/4,4-滴滴涕比例通常与沿海原住民血液中较高的异构体比例相对应,而鹿肉、家禽和鱼类中相对较低的4,4-滴滴伊/4,4-滴滴涕比例则决定了内陆居民血液中的比例较低。住宅厨房墙壁冲刷物和刮擦物中极低的滴滴伊/滴滴涕比例(0.4)与近期将滴滴涕用作家用杀虫剂有明确关联。

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