McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA.
Gene. 2012 Oct 15;508(1):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.07.022. Epub 2012 Jul 24.
Sp1 is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor involved in the regulation of a large number of genes including housekeeping genes as well as actively regulated genes. Although Sp1 was discovered nearly three decades ago, its functional diversity is still not completely understood. One of the ways that make Sp1 versatile in transcriptional regulation is its post-transcriptional modification, which alters Sp1 structure in different cells and at different times. Compared to other types of modifications of the Sp1 protein, phosphorylation has been studied far more extensively. This review focuses on the inducers, pathways, enzymes, and biological effects of Sp1 phosphorylation. Recent data are beginning to reveal the biological significance and universal presence of Sp1 phosphorylation-related cell/molecular responses. Studies in this field provide a quick glance at how a simple chemical modification of a transcription factor could produce significant functional diversity of the protein.
Sp1 是一种普遍表达的转录因子，参与调控大量基因，包括管家基因和受积极调控的基因。尽管 Sp1 是在近三十年前发现的，但它的功能多样性仍未完全被理解。使 Sp1 在转录调控中具有多功能性的方法之一是其转录后修饰，它会改变不同细胞和不同时间的 Sp1 结构。与 Sp1 蛋白的其他类型修饰相比，磷酸化已被广泛研究。本综述重点介绍了 Sp1 磷酸化的诱导物、途径、酶和生物学效应。最近的数据开始揭示 Sp1 磷酸化相关细胞/分子反应的生物学意义和普遍存在性。该领域的研究为我们提供了一个快速了解如何通过对转录因子进行简单的化学修饰就能产生蛋白质显著的功能多样性的视角。
