Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Int J Behav Med. 2013 Jun;20(2):206-12. doi: 10.1007/s12529-012-9251-4.
Functional somatic syndromes (FSS) are characterized by the existence of multiple persistent functional somatic symptoms. Not many patients fulfilling the criteria for an FSS, receive a formal diagnosis, and it is unknown which factors explain this discrepancy. Patients that tend to worry and patients that gather more health information may have an increased chance of an FSS diagnosis. We hypothesized that high intelligence and high neuroticism increase the probability of an FSS diagnosis in patients with persistent functional somatic symptoms.
This study aims to investigate patient factors that might be important in the process of syndrome labeling.
Our study was performed in a large, representative population cohort (n = 976) in Groningen, The Netherlands, and included two assessment waves. Intelligence was measured using the General Aptitude Test Battery version B 1002-B. Neuroticism was measured using the 12-item neuroticism scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised. Functional somatic symptoms were measured with the somatization section of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Current FSS diagnosis was assessed with a questionnaire. We performed multivariable logistic regression analyses including sum scores of neuroticism, intelligence scores, sex, number of functional somatic symptoms, and age as potential predictors of having an FSS diagnosis.
From the 976 participants that completed measurements at follow-up, 289 (26.4 %) participants reported at least one persistent functional somatic symptom, and these subjects were included in the main analyses (38.4 % males, mean age of 55.2 years (SD = 10.7), 36-82 years). High numbers of functional somatic symptoms ((OR) = 1.320; 95 % (CI) = 1.097-1.588), female sex (OR = 9.068; 95 % CI = 4.061-20.251), and high intelligence (OR = 1.402; 95 % CI = 1.001-1.963) were associated with an FSS diagnosis, while age (OR = 0.989; 95 % CI = 960-1.019) and neuroticism (OR = 0.956; 95 % CI = 0.872-1.048) were not.
This study suggests that high intelligence, but not high neuroticism, increases the chance of syndrome labeling in patients with persistent functional somatic symptoms.
功能性躯体综合征（FSS）的特征是存在多种持续存在的功能性躯体症状。许多符合 FSS 标准的患者并未得到正式诊断，其原因尚不清楚。倾向于担忧的患者和收集更多健康信息的患者可能更有可能得到 FSS 诊断。我们假设高智商和高神经质会增加持续性躯体症状患者 FSS 诊断的可能性。
本研究旨在探讨可能对综合征标记过程重要的患者因素。
我们的研究在荷兰格罗宁根的一个大型代表性人群队列（n=976）中进行，包括两个评估阶段。智商使用一般能力测验电池版本 B 1002-B 进行测量。神经质使用艾森克人格问卷修订版的 12 项神经质量表进行测量。功能性躯体症状使用复合国际诊断访谈的躯体化部分进行测量。当前 FSS 诊断使用问卷进行评估。我们进行了多变量逻辑回归分析，包括神经质总分、智力得分、性别、功能性躯体症状数量和年龄作为可能的预测因子，以预测 FSS 诊断。
在完成随访测量的 976 名参与者中，有 289 名（26.4%）报告至少有一种持续性躯体症状，这些受试者被纳入主要分析（38.4%为男性，平均年龄 55.2 岁（SD=10.7），年龄范围为 36-82 岁）。高数量的功能性躯体症状（OR=1.320；95%置信区间[CI]：1.097-1.588）、女性性别（OR=9.068；95%CI：4.061-20.251）和高智商（OR=1.402；95%CI：1.001-1.963）与 FSS 诊断相关，而年龄（OR=0.989；95%CI：960-1.019）和神经质（OR=0.956；95%CI：0.872-1.048）则没有。
本研究表明，高智商而非高神经质会增加持续性躯体症状患者得到综合征标记的机会。
