Department of Integrative/Cellular Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, United States.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2012 Nov 15;184(2):197-203. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2012.07.010. Epub 2012 Jul 25.
The peripheral arterial chemoreflex, arising primarily from the carotid body in most species, plays an important role in the control of breathing and in autonomic control of cardiovascular function. The peripheral chemoreflex is enhanced in heart failure patients and animal models of heart failure and contributes to the sympathetic hyperactivity and breathing instability that exacerbates the progression of the disease. Studies in animal models have shown that carotid body chemoreceptor activity is enhanced under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions in heart failure due to disruption of local mediators that control carotid body function. This brief review highlights evidence that the alterations in the gasotransmitters, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide in the carotid body contribute to the exaggerated carotid body function observed in heart failure.
外周动脉化学感受器反射主要起源于大多数物种的颈动脉体，在呼吸控制和心血管自主功能控制中发挥重要作用。外周化学感受器反射在心力衰竭患者和心力衰竭动物模型中增强，并导致交感神经活性增加和呼吸不稳定，从而加重疾病的进展。动物模型研究表明，由于控制颈动脉体功能的局部介质紊乱，心力衰竭患者在正常氧和低氧条件下，颈动脉体化学感受器活性增强。这篇简短的综述强调了证据，即颈动脉体中的气体递质一氧化氮、一氧化碳和硫化氢的改变导致了心力衰竭中观察到的颈动脉体功能的夸大。
