Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatic Medicine, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2013 Dec;8(8):878-86. doi: 10.1093/scan/nss086. Epub 2012 Jul 25.
Humans tend to have a positive self-evaluation (PSE). To what extent positive self-perception is interacting with valenced self-related memories is debated. The underlying neural substrates are not adequately explained yet. To explore the cerebral correlates of PSE and its influence on memory, 24 healthy subjects were asked during fMRI to decide in two conditions whether presented positive and negative personality traits characterized their own selves (self-evaluation) or an intimate other (other-evaluation). A lexical condition served as control task. In a subsequent unannounced recognition task, trait adjectives had to be classified as old or new. Activation during positive self- vs positive other-evaluation was found in the medial ventral and dorsolateral prefrontal gyri, the parahippocampus and the supplementary motor area. Memory increased for positive personality traits and traits that had been referred to oneself or the other. In contrast to adjectives of the other-evaluation or lexical condition, recollection of negative vs positive traits of the self-evaluation condition specifically induced increased activation in the hippocampus and several prefrontal and temporal areas. Our data imply a specific network for PSE (although intimate others are perceived similarly). Moreover, memory for traits contradicting PSE resulted in activation increases indicating greater cognitive effort and emotional involvement.
人们往往对自己有积极的自我评价（PSE）。积极的自我认知在多大程度上与有价值的自我相关记忆相互作用仍存在争议。其潜在的神经基础尚未得到充分解释。为了探索 PSE 的大脑相关性及其对记忆的影响，24 名健康受试者在 fMRI 期间被要求在两种条件下做出判断：呈现的积极和消极人格特质是否描述了他们自己（自我评估）或亲密他人（他人评估）。词汇条件作为控制任务。在随后的未宣布的识别任务中，必须将形容词分类为旧或新。在正性自我评估与正性他人评估时，内侧腹侧和背外侧前额叶回、海马旁回和补充运动区出现激活。对正性人格特质和与自己或他人相关的特质的记忆增加。与他人评估或词汇条件的形容词相比，自我评估条件下对负性与正性特质的回忆特异性地诱导了海马体以及几个前额叶和颞叶区域的激活增加。我们的数据表明存在一个特定的 PSE 网络（尽管亲密他人的感知相似）。此外，与 PSE 相矛盾的特质记忆会导致激活增加，表明认知努力和情绪参与度更高。
