Rome Ellen S
Section of Adolescent Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Endocr Dev. 2012;22:72-83. doi: 10.1159/000326634. Epub 2012 Jul 25.
Vulvovaginitis, labial adhesions, and other vulvar disorders occur commonly in children and can provoke high anxiety in both the parent and child. Performed correctly, the pediatric gynecologic examination can diagnose and treat, educate and reassure both parent and child. This examination requires patience, sensitivity, direct communication with the child as well as with the parent, and an open manner that inspires trust in both parties to manage a potentially anxiety-provoking situation. This chapter will review common vulvar disorders, including vulvovaginitis, lichen sclerosis et atrophicus, bubble bath vaginitis, labial adhesions, urethral prolapse, and other common problems. A discussion of childhood sexual abuse is beyond the scope of this chapter, with appropriate references available elsewhere. Practical pearls will be offered to make this exam easy for the primary care clinician and/or subspecialist.
外阴炎、阴唇粘连及其他外阴疾病在儿童中很常见，会引起家长和孩子的高度焦虑。正确进行的儿科妇科检查能够诊断和治疗疾病，对家长和孩子进行教育并给予安慰。这项检查需要耐心、敏锐，要与孩子以及家长直接沟通，还要以开放的态度激发双方的信任，从而应对这一可能引发焦虑的情况。本章将回顾常见的外阴疾病，包括外阴炎、硬化性苔藓萎缩型外阴炎、泡泡浴性阴道炎、阴唇粘连、尿道脱垂以及其他常见问题。关于儿童性虐待的讨论超出了本章范围，其他地方有相关的合适参考文献。将提供实用技巧，以便初级保健临床医生和/或专科医生轻松进行此项检查。
