Beyitler İlke, Kavukcu Salih
Department of Pediatrics, Near East University Hospital, Nicosia, North Cyprus.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Near East University Hospital, Nicosia, North Cyprus.
World J Pediatr. 2017 Apr;13(2):101-105. doi: 10.1007/s12519-016-0078-y. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
Vulvovaginitis is the most common cause of gynecological complaints in children and young girls. Some of the factors which cause vulvovaginitis include hypoestrogenism, the anatomical proximity of rectum and delicate vulvar skin and vaginal mucosa.
We made a literature search with Pubmed, Medline and Cochrane database from January 2002 to May 2015 in English language using the key words vulvovaginitis, children, clinical, diagnosis and treatment.
Vulvovaginitis in girls is usually caused by non-specific factors and hygiene measures, bioyoghurt and avoidance of chemical irritants are generally useful. Weight control if necessary and prevention of voiding dysfunction are effective. Vaginal flora is important in girls and results should be interpreted with clinical features to decide whether an isolated microorganism is part of the normal microflora or is the cause of symptomatic vulvovaginitis. Specific treatment is generally considered in case of a detected pathogen microorganism. Isolation of a sexually transmitted organism requires further investigation. Persistent disease may not always indicate a foreign body but it must be taken into account. Girls and parents are encouraged psychologically in all steps of evaluation, diagnosis and treatment. Probiotics, nanotechnology and petroleum jelly are other important treatment options used in vulvovaginitis.
In this review, we present current approach to the presentation and management of vulvovaginitis in childhood. This disorder requires a comprehensive evaluation in all steps of diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment.
外阴阴道炎是儿童和年轻女孩妇科疾病最常见的病因。导致外阴阴道炎的一些因素包括雌激素缺乏、直肠与娇嫩的外阴皮肤及阴道黏膜在解剖位置上相邻。
我们于2002年1月至2015年5月期间，使用关键词外阴阴道炎、儿童、临床、诊断和治疗，在英文的Pubmed、Medline和Cochrane数据库中进行了文献检索。
女童外阴阴道炎通常由非特异性因素和卫生措施引起，生物酸奶和避免化学刺激物通常是有效的。必要时控制体重和预防排尿功能障碍是有效的。阴道菌群对女童很重要，结果应结合临床特征来判断分离出的微生物是正常微生物群的一部分还是有症状的外阴阴道炎的病因。如果检测到病原微生物，通常考虑进行特异性治疗。分离出性传播病原体需要进一步调查。持续性疾病不一定总是提示有异物，但必须予以考虑。在评估、诊断和治疗的所有阶段，都要对女童及其家长进行心理疏导。益生菌、纳米技术和凡士林是外阴阴道炎治疗中其他重要的选择。
在本综述中，我们介绍了目前儿童外阴阴道炎的诊治方法。这种疾病在诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗的所有阶段都需要进行全面评估。
