Department of Physics, Government College for Women, Kolar-563101, Karnataka, India.
Health Phys. 2012 Sep;103(3):322-9. doi: 10.1097/HP.0b013e3182585a5b.
The effective atomic numbers (Z(eff)) and electron densities (N(el)) of cortical and compact bone have been computed for total and partial photon interactions (photoelectric absorption, coherent scattering, incoherent scattering, pair production in a nuclear field, pair production in an electronic field, and sum of non-coherent scattering) by computing the molecular, atomic, and electronic cross section in the wide energy range of 1 keV-100 GeV using WinXCom. The variations of effective atomic number and electron density with energy are shown graphically for all photon interactions. The effective atomic numbers (ZPEA(eff)) for photon energy absorption are also calculated from mass energy absorption coefficients in the energy range 1 keV-20 MeV. The kerma values of bone relative to air are also computed. Additionally, computed tomography (CT) numbers of bone for photon interaction and energy absorption are also computed. The computed Z(eff) and N(el) may be useful in choosing a substitute composite material in place of bone. The estimated mass energy absorption coefficient may be used to evaluate dose and determine the surviving fraction (S) for bone. The usefulness of computed data in the simulation of tissue substitutes is also discussed.
利用 WinXCom 在 1keV-100GeV 的宽能区范围内计算分子、原子和电子的截面，计算了皮质骨和松质骨在总光子相互作用和部分光子相互作用（光电吸收、相干散射、非相干散射、核场中对产生、电子场中对产生以及非相干散射的总和）下的有效原子数（Z(eff)）和电子密度（N(el)）。为所有光子相互作用绘出了有效原子数和电子密度随能量的变化图。还从 1keV-20MeV 的质量能量吸收系数计算了光子能量吸收的有效原子数（ZPEA(eff)）。还计算了骨相对于空气的比释动能值。此外，还计算了光子相互作用和能量吸收的骨 CT 数。计算得出的 Z(eff)和 N(el)可用于选择替代复合材料代替骨骼。估计的质量能量吸收系数可用于评估剂量并确定骨的存活分数（S）。还讨论了计算数据在组织替代物模拟中的应用。
