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私人农药施用者在农业健康研究中一生中使用有机磷杀虫剂的情况。

Lifetime organophosphorous insecticide use among private pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study.

机构信息

Epidemiology Branch, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2233, USA.

出版信息

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2012 Nov;22(6):584-92. doi: 10.1038/jes.2012.79. Epub 2012 Aug 1.

DOI:10.1038/jes.2012.79
PMID:22854518
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3478402/
Abstract

Organophosphorous insecticides (OPs) are the most commonly used insecticides in US agriculture, but little information is available regarding specific OP use by individual farmers. We describe OP use for licensed private pesticide applicators from Iowa and North Carolina in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) using lifetime pesticide use data from 701 randomly selected male participants collected at three time periods. Of 27 OPs studied, 20 were used by >1%. Overall, 95% had ever applied at least one OP. The median number of different OPs used was 4 (maximum=13). Malathion was the most commonly used OP (74%) followed by chlorpyrifos (54%). OP use declined over time. At the first interview (1993-1997), 68% of participants had applied OPs in the past year; by the last interview (2005-2007), only 42% had. Similarly, median annual application days of OPs declined from 13.5 to 6 days. Although OP use was common, the specific OPs used varied by state, time period, and individual. Much of the variability in OP use was associated with the choice of OP, rather than the frequency or duration of application. Information on farmers' OP use enhances our ability to characterize and understand the potential health effects of multiple OP exposures.

摘要

有机磷杀虫剂(OPs)是美国农业中最常用的杀虫剂,但关于个体农民具体使用何种 OPs 的信息却很少。我们使用来自爱荷华州和北卡罗来纳州的经过许可的私人农药施用者在农业健康研究(AHS)中的终生农药使用数据,描述了在 AHS 中使用的有机磷杀虫剂。该研究共包括 701 名随机选择的男性参与者,在三个时间点收集了他们的农药使用数据。在所研究的 27 种 OPs 中,有 20 种的使用频率超过 1%。总体而言,有 95%的参与者至少使用过一种 OPs。使用的不同 OPs 的中位数数量为 4 种(最大值为 13 种)。马拉硫磷是最常用的 OP(74%),其次是毒死蜱(54%)。随着时间的推移,OP 的使用量呈下降趋势。在第一次访谈(1993-1997 年)中,有 68%的参与者在过去一年中使用过 OPs;而在最后一次访谈(2005-2007 年)中,只有 42%的人使用过。同样,OP 的年平均使用天数从 13.5 天下降到 6 天。尽管 OP 的使用很普遍,但具体使用的 OPs 因州、时间段和个人而异。OP 使用的大部分差异与 OP 的选择有关,而不是与应用的频率或持续时间有关。关于农民使用 OPs 的信息提高了我们描述和理解多种 OP 暴露潜在健康影响的能力。

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