2nd Department of Oncology, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2012 Sep;14(9):659-66. doi: 10.1007/s12094-012-0850-y. Epub 2012 Jul 19.
Lung cancer represents the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in the industrialized countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the lung cancer incidence and mortality and the possible reasons for any differences discovered in two neighboring Central European countries-the Slovak Republic.
We used linear regression model when analyzing incidence and mortality; the trends are presented with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) and p-value with null hypothesis being constant with time.
Statistically significant increase of age-standardized incidence (0.707/100,000/year, 95% CI 0.107-1.307, p = 0,025) and mortality (1.339/100,000/year, 95% CI 1.050-1.629, p < 0.0001) of the lung cancer was revealed in males in the Slovak Republic (1980-1991). On the contrary, values of both indicators were stabilized in the Czech Republic. Since year 1991-2005 a statistically highly significant decrease of both incidence and mortality values was observed in males, which was greater in the Slovak Republic. Peak of the curve was not reached in women population, while incidence and mortality values have significantly continuous growth in both countries.
According to the lung cancer incidence and mortality trends in both countries (in correlation with smoking prevalence) we consider the support of efforts to change the attitude towards smoking predominantly in women and younger generation to be the most accurate action to reduce these trends.
肺癌是工业化国家癌症相关死亡的最常见原因。本研究旨在分析两个中欧邻国（斯洛伐克共和国）的肺癌发病率和死亡率，并探讨可能导致差异的原因。
我们使用线性回归模型分析发病率和死亡率；用相应的 95%置信区间（CI）和 p 值（p 值为 0.025）表示趋势，零假设为随时间恒定。
在男性中，斯洛伐克共和国的肺癌年龄标准化发病率（0.707/100,000/年，95%CI 0.107-1.307，p=0.025）和死亡率（1.339/100,000/年，95%CI 1.050-1.629，p<0.0001）呈统计学显著上升趋势。而在捷克共和国，这两个指标的值都趋于稳定。自 1991 年以来，男性的发病率和死亡率均呈统计学显著下降趋势，且在斯洛伐克共和国更为明显。女性的曲线峰值尚未达到，而两国的发病率和死亡率均呈显著持续增长趋势。
根据两国的肺癌发病率和死亡率趋势（与吸烟流行率相关），我们认为支持改变女性和年轻一代对吸烟的态度的努力是减少这些趋势的最有效措施。
