Department of Public Health and Community Service, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 1 Kneeland St., 1534 F, Boston, Mass. 02111, USA.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2012 Aug;143(8):838-46. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2012.0288.
Two reports by the U.S. surgeon general noted the disproportionate impact of oral disease on and lack of oral health information regarding people with disabilities.
In this retrospective study, the authors used clinical and demographic data (from April 1, 2009, through March 31, 2010) from electronic dental records of 4,732 adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) who were receiving dental care through a state-supported system of dental clinics. The authors used these data to investigate the oral health status of, and associated risk factors for, adults with IDD.
The prevalence of untreated caries in the study population was 32.2 percent, of periodontitis was 80.3 percent and of edentulism was 10.9 percent. The mean (standard deviation) numbers of decayed teeth; missing teeth; and decayed, missing and filled teeth were 1.0 (2.2), 6.7 (7.0) and 13.9 (7.7), respectively.
Management of oral health presents significant challenges in adults with IDD. Age, ability to cooperate with dental treatment and type of residence are important considerations in identifying preventive strategies.
The study population demonstrated a high burden of dental disease. Further research is required to identify effective interventions to improve oral health in adults with IDD.
美国外科医生总署的两份报告指出，口腔疾病对残疾人士的影响不成比例，而且针对残疾人士的口腔健康信息也十分匮乏。
在这项回顾性研究中，作者使用了电子牙齿记录中的临床和人口统计学数据（从 2009 年 4 月 1 日至 2010 年 3 月 31 日），这些数据来自 4732 名通过国家支持的牙科诊所系统接受牙科护理的智力和发育障碍（ID）成年人。作者利用这些数据来研究 ID 成年人的口腔健康状况和相关的危险因素。
在研究人群中，未经治疗的龋齿患病率为 32.2%，牙周炎患病率为 80.3%，无牙率为 10.9%。研究人群的平均（标准差）龋齿数、缺牙数和龋齿、缺牙和补牙数分别为 1.0（2.2）、6.7（7.0）和 13.9（7.7）。
在 ID 成年人中，口腔健康管理带来了重大挑战。年龄、配合牙科治疗的能力和居住类型是确定预防策略时的重要考虑因素。
研究人群表现出高度的牙齿疾病负担。需要进一步研究以确定有效的干预措施，以改善 ID 成年人的口腔健康。
