Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, Paris, France.
Science. 2012 Aug 3;337(6094):544-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1220843.
The past 10 years have witnessed a change of perspective in the way astrophysicists think about massive black holes (MBHs), which are now considered to have a major role in the evolution of galaxies. This appreciation was driven by the realization that black holes of millions of solar masses and above reside in the center of most galaxies, including the Milky Way. MBHs also powered active galactic nuclei known to exist just a few hundred million years after the Big Bang. Here, I summarize the current ideas on the evolution of MBHs through cosmic history, from their formation about 13 billion years ago to their growth within their host galaxies.
在过去的 10 年中，天体物理学家对大质量黑洞 (MBH) 的看法发生了变化，现在认为它们在星系演化中起着重要作用。这种认识源于这样一个事实，即数百万个太阳质量及以上的黑洞存在于大多数星系的中心，包括银河系。MBH 还为活动星系核提供了动力，这些星系核在大爆炸后仅几亿年就存在了。在这里，我总结了关于 MBH 在宇宙历史中演化的现有观点，从它们在 130 亿年前的形成到在宿主星系中的增长。
