Institute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2012 Aug;4(4):287-92. doi: 10.1177/1759720X12441276.
Bone is a target in many inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Inflammation leads to a wide range of changes in bone, and especially bone remodeling. In ankylosing spondylitis (AS) bone loss has been documented, but measuring bone density in the spine is hampered by new bone formation in syndesmophytes, periost and within the vertebrae. The risk of vertebral fractures is increased in AS. The diagnosis of vertebral fractures requires imaging and adequate evaluation of vertebral heights. In addition, in the ankysosed spine segments, additional imaging is often needed to diagnose spinal fractures at unusual locations (cervical spine) or in the posterior arch structures. Risk factors for vertebral fractures are helpful for case finding. Fracture prevention is indicated in high risk patients with AS, especially when they have already a vertebral fracture or in the presence of osteoporosis.
骨骼是许多炎症性风湿病的靶标。炎症会导致骨骼发生广泛的变化，尤其是骨重建。在强直性脊柱炎（AS）中，已经有骨质流失的记录，但由于脊柱融合、骨膜和椎体内的新骨形成，测量脊柱骨密度受到阻碍。AS 患者的椎体骨折风险增加。椎体骨折的诊断需要影像学检查和对椎体高度进行充分评估。此外，在强直的脊柱节段中，通常需要额外的影像学检查来诊断不常见部位（颈椎）或后弓结构的脊柱骨折。椎体骨折的危险因素有助于发现病例。对于 AS 高危患者，尤其是已经发生过椎体骨折或存在骨质疏松症的患者，需要进行骨折预防。
