Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Nutr Rev. 2012 Aug;70 Suppl 1:S45-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00505.x.
Recorded observations indicating an association between intestinal microbes and health are long-standing in terms of specific diseases, but emerging high-throughput technologies that characterize microbial communities in the intestinal tract are suggesting new roles for the supposedly normal microbiome. This review considers the nature of the evidence supporting a relationship between the microbiota and the predisposition to disease as associative, correlative, or causal. Altogether, indirect or associative support currently dominates the evidence base, which now suggests that the intestinal microbiome can be linked to a growing number of over 25 diseases or syndromes. While only a handful of cause-and-effect studies have been performed, this form of evidence is increasing. The results of such studies are expected to be useful in monitoring disease development, in providing a basis for personalized treatments, and in indicating future therapeutic avenues.
肠道微生物与健康之间存在关联的观察记录由来已久，尤其是在特定疾病方面，但新兴的高通量技术可以对肠道微生物群落进行特征描述，这表明正常微生物组可能具有新的作用。本综述考虑了支持微生物组与疾病易感性之间存在关联的证据的性质，这些关联是偶然的、相关的还是因果关系的。总的来说，间接或偶然的支持目前占据了证据基础，这表明肠道微生物组与越来越多的 25 种以上疾病或综合征有关。虽然只进行了少数几项因果关系研究，但这种形式的证据正在增加。此类研究的结果有望用于监测疾病的发展，为个性化治疗提供基础，并指明未来的治疗途径。
