Department of Psychology, University of Maine, ME 04469, USA.
Addict Biol. 2013 May;18(3):496-507. doi: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2012.00481.x. Epub 2012 Aug 2.
Experimental animals offered continuous 24-hour free choice access to ethanol rarely display voluntary ethanol consumption at levels sufficient to induce intoxication or to engender dependence. One of the simplest ways to increase voluntary ethanol intake is to impose temporal limitations on ethanol availability. Escalation of ethanol intake has been observed in both rats and mice under a variety of different schedules of alternating ethanol access and deprivation. Although such effects have been observed in a variety of rat and mouse genotypes, little is known concerning possible genetic correlations between responses to intermittent ethanol access and other ethanol-related phenotypes. In the present study, we examined the effects of intermittent ethanol access in mouse genotypes characterized by divergent responses to ethanol in other domains, including ethanol preference (C57BL/6J and C3H/HeJ mice), binge-like ethanol drinking (High Drinking in the Dark and HS/Npt mice) and ethanol withdrawal severity (Withdrawal Seizure-Prone and Withdrawal Seizure-Resistant mice). Although intermittent ethanol access resulted in escalated ethanol intake in all tested genotypes, the robustness of the effect varied across genotypes. On the other hand, we saw no evidence that the effects of intermittent access are correlated with either binge-like drinking or withdrawal severity, and only weak evidence for a genetic correlation with baseline ethanol preference. Thus, these different ethanol-related traits appear to depend on largely unique sets of genetic mediators.
实验动物提供持续 24 小时的自由选择摄入乙醇，很少表现出足以引起醉酒或产生依赖的自愿性乙醇消费。增加自愿性乙醇摄入量的最简单方法之一是限制乙醇的可用性。在各种不同的交替乙醇摄入和剥夺时间表下，在大鼠和小鼠中观察到乙醇摄入的增加。尽管在各种大鼠和小鼠基因型中观察到了这种效应，但对于间歇性乙醇摄入的反应与其他乙醇相关表型之间可能存在的遗传相关性知之甚少。在本研究中，我们研究了间歇性乙醇摄入对具有不同乙醇反应的小鼠基因型的影响，包括乙醇偏好（C57BL/6J 和 C3H/HeJ 小鼠）、 binge-like 乙醇饮用（High Drinking in the Dark 和 HS/Npt 小鼠）和乙醇戒断严重程度（Withdrawal Seizure-Prone 和 Withdrawal Seizure-Resistant 小鼠）。尽管间歇性乙醇摄入导致所有测试基因型的乙醇摄入量增加，但效应的稳健性因基因型而异。另一方面，我们没有证据表明间歇性摄入的影响与 binge-like 饮酒或戒断严重程度相关，并且与基线乙醇偏好只有微弱的遗传相关性证据。因此，这些不同的乙醇相关特征似乎取决于大量独特的遗传介导物。
