Anderson Rachel I, Lopez Marcelo F, Becker Howard C
Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, MSC 861, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2016 Jun;233(11):2035-2043. doi: 10.1007/s00213-016-4257-2. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
Stress exposure has been identified as one risk factor for alcohol abuse that may facilitate the transition from social or regulated alcohol use to the development of alcohol dependence. Additionally, stress is a common trigger for relapse and subsequent loss of control of drinking in alcohol-dependent individuals.
The present study was designed to characterize effects of repeated forced swim stress (FSS) on ethanol consumption in three rodent drinking models that engender high levels of ethanol consumption.
Adult male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 10-min FSS 4 h prior to each drinking session in three different models of high ethanol consumption: chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) drinking (a model of dependence-like drinking), drinking-in-the-dark (DID; a model of binge-like drinking), and intermittent vs. continuous access (a model of escalated drinking).
In the CIE drinking paradigm, daily FSS facilitated the escalation of ethanol intake that is typically seen in CIE-exposed mice without altering ethanol consumption in control mice exposed to FSS. FSS prior to drinking sessions did not alter ethanol consumption in the DID or intermittent access paradigms, whereas stressed mice in the continuous access procedure consumed less ethanol than their nonstressed counterparts.
The CIE drinking paradigm may provide a helpful preclinical model of stress-induced transition to ethanol dependence that can be used to (1) identify underlying neural mechanisms that facilitate this transition and (2) evaluate the therapeutic potential of various pharmacological agents hypothesized to alleviate stress-induced drinking.
压力暴露已被确定为酒精滥用的一个风险因素，它可能促使从社交性或适度饮酒向酒精依赖的转变。此外，压力是酒精依赖个体复发及随后饮酒失控的常见诱因。
本研究旨在描述重复强迫游泳应激（FSS）对三种导致高酒精摄入量的啮齿动物饮酒模型中乙醇消耗的影响。
成年雄性C57BL/6J小鼠在三种不同的高乙醇消耗模型的每次饮酒前4小时接受10分钟的FSS：慢性间歇性乙醇（CIE）饮酒（一种类似依赖饮酒的模型）、暗室饮酒（DID；一种类似暴饮的模型）以及间歇性与持续性摄入（一种饮酒量增加的模型）。
在CIE饮酒模式中，每日FSS促进了CIE暴露小鼠中通常出现的乙醇摄入量的增加，而未改变接受FSS的对照小鼠的乙醇消耗。饮酒前的FSS在DID或间歇性摄入模式中未改变乙醇消耗，而在持续性摄入程序中，应激小鼠比非应激小鼠消耗的乙醇更少。
CIE饮酒模式可能提供一个有助于研究压力诱导向乙醇依赖转变的临床前模型，可用于（1）识别促进这种转变的潜在神经机制，以及（2）评估各种假设可减轻压力诱导饮酒的药物的治疗潜力。
