Qamra S R, Mehta S, Deodhar S D
Department of Pediatric, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh.
Indian Pediatr. 1990 Sep;27(9):925-36.
A total of 492 apparently normal healthy Punjabi girls belonging to upper socio-economic status between 5-15 years of age were selected from the schools for the study of physical growth. Twenty one measurements were made on each girl. Girls below the age of 13 years were examined five times at interval of six months each. Beyond 13 years, only those girls who had not attained menarche, were followed-up 6 monthly. The linear and circumferential measurements followed similar pattern while skinfold thicknesses showed different pattern. Each linear and circumferential measurement and weight increased progressively from age 5 to 15 years. Annual growth gain per year was slow upto 9/10 years followed by a rapid growth with a peak velocity between 11-13 years of age. Thereafter, growth rate declined. The skin-fold thicknesses showed decrease in absolute values upto 10 years of age. Beyond 13 years of age, these increased rapidly. However, no peak velocity in either of the skinfold was detected. Thus, three periods of growth rate, viz., preadolescent (age 5-9 years); adolescent (10-13 years) and post adolescent (beyond 13 years) could be identified.
从学校中挑选了492名年龄在5至15岁之间、社会经济地位较高且外表看似正常健康的旁遮普女孩，用于身体发育研究。对每个女孩进行了21项测量。13岁以下的女孩每隔六个月检查一次，共检查五次。13岁以后，仅对那些尚未初潮的女孩每六个月进行一次随访。线性和周长测量呈现相似模式，而皮褶厚度则呈现不同模式。从5岁到15岁，每项线性和周长测量以及体重都逐渐增加。每年的生长增量在9/10岁之前缓慢，随后快速增长，在11至13岁之间达到峰值速度。此后，生长速度下降。皮褶厚度在10岁之前绝对值下降。13岁以后，这些值迅速增加。然而，未检测到任何一个皮褶的峰值速度。因此，可以确定三个生长速度阶段，即青春期前（5至9岁）；青春期（10至13岁）和青春期后（13岁以后）。
