Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Applied Wood Materials, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Oct;78(20):7267-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01856-12. Epub 2012 Aug 3.
In the present work, Norway spruce wood (Picea abies L.) was reacted with a commercial Trametes versicolor laccase in the presence of potassium iodide salt or the phenolic compounds thymol and isoeugenol to impart an antimicrobial property to the wood surface. In order to assess the efficacy of the wood treatment, a leaching of the iodinated and polymerized wood and two biotests including bacteria, a yeast, blue stain fungi, and wood decay fungi were performed. After laccase-catalyzed oxidation of the phenols, the antimicrobial effect was significantly reduced. In contrast, the enzymatic oxidation of iodide (I(-)) to iodine (I(2)) in the presence of wood led to an enhanced resistance of the wood surface against all microorganisms, even after exposure to leaching. The efficiency of the enzymatic wood iodination was comparable to that of a chemical wood preservative, VP 7/260a. The modification of the lignocellulose by the laccase-catalyzed iodination was assessed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) technique. The intensities of the selected lignin-associated bands and carbohydrate reference bands were analyzed, and the results indicated a structural change in the lignin matrix. The results suggest that the laccase-catalyzed iodination of the wood surface presents an efficient and ecofriendly method for wood protection.
在本工作中，采用商业白腐菌漆酶在碘化钾盐或酚类化合物百里酚和异丁香酚存在的条件下处理挪威云杉木材（Picea abies L.），赋予木材表面抗菌性能。为了评估木材处理的效果，进行了碘化和聚合木材的浸出以及包括细菌、酵母、蓝变真菌和木材腐朽真菌在内的两种生物测试。在酚类化合物的漆酶催化氧化后，抗菌效果显著降低。相比之下，在木材存在的情况下，酶促将碘化物（I(-)）氧化为碘（I(2)），导致木材表面对所有微生物的抵抗力增强，即使在浸出暴露后也是如此。酶促木材碘化的效率可与化学木材防腐剂 VP 7/260a 相媲美。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱-衰减全反射（FTIR-ATR）技术评估了漆酶催化碘化对木质纤维素的修饰。分析了选定的木质素相关带和碳水化合物参考带的强度，结果表明木质素基质发生了结构变化。结果表明，漆酶催化的木材表面碘化是一种高效、环保的木材保护方法。
