Stelmack R M, Miles J
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Canada.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1990 Dec;12(6):887-903. doi: 10.1080/01688639008401029.
Normal and one subtype of disabled readers were compared in their visual event-related potentials (ERPs) that were elicited by primed and unprimed words during a recognition memory task. The primed words were preceded by a picture having the same denotative meaning, while unprimed words were preceded by a picture having a non-associated meaning. Normal readers exhibited consistently greater amplitude than the disabled readers to unprimed words with a negative wave at 455 ms (N400). For the disabled readers, this N400 was evident, though somewhat smaller, than for controls, at fronto-central placements, but absent at the lateral parietal and occipital sites. Priming a word with a picture reduced N400 amplitude for both the normal and disabled readers. There were no remarkable differences between groups in their ERPs to the pictures. The pattern of ERP results obtained seems to reflect a failure of this subtype of disabled readers to engage long-term, semantic memory, while their short-term linguistic processing is intact.
在一项识别记忆任务中，对正常读者和一种阅读障碍亚型的读者进行了比较，观察他们在由启动词和未启动词引发的视觉事件相关电位（ERP）。启动词之前会出现具有相同外延意义的图片，而未启动词之前会出现具有不相关意义的图片。正常读者对未启动词在455毫秒时出现负波（N400）的振幅始终大于阅读障碍读者。对于阅读障碍读者，这种N400在额中央部位虽然比对照组稍小但很明显，而在顶叶外侧和枕叶部位则不存在。用图片启动一个词会降低正常读者和阅读障碍读者的N400振幅。两组对图片的ERP没有显著差异。所获得的ERP结果模式似乎反映出这种阅读障碍亚型的读者无法运用长期语义记忆，而他们的短期语言处理是完好的。
