Mayton D M, Nagel E A, Parker R
Lewis-Clark State College, Lewiston, ID 83501-2698.
J Drug Educ. 1990;20(4):305-18. doi: 10.2190/TBGY-Q33L-JNV1-QUR9.
Following a survey of over 5,000 students in north central Idaho and southeast Washington, an interviewing strategy was implemented with 223 adolescents randomly selected by their principals. The strategy was designed to learn: 1) which sources have utility and credibility with youth in providing drug information; 2) whether different message content and delivery style have differential effects upon that group; and 3) whether widely held perceptions voiced by parents and teachers about their ineffectiveness as information sources were accurate. Double-blind interviews, arranged to protect respondent anonymity, were conducted by trained interviewers from a research methods class. No interview was held when either an interviewer or respondent knew the other. Among the important findings of the study were that: 1) parents and teachers are trusted, credible sources of drug information; 2) doctors, nurses, law officers, and clergy are also credible but not visible to youth; 3) the evil media and celebrity fears of parents and teachers are largely ungrounded in adolescent perception; and 4) factual information from credible sources emphasizing the range of types of negative consequences associated with drug use can exert powerful effects upon adolescents' reported personal use of drugs.
在对爱达荷州中北部和华盛顿州东南部的5000多名学生进行调查之后，实施了一项访谈策略，从校长随机挑选的223名青少年中进行访谈。该策略旨在了解：1）哪些信息来源在向青少年提供毒品信息方面具有实用性和可信度；2）不同的信息内容和传递方式对该群体是否有不同的影响；3）家长和教师普遍认为自己作为信息来源没有效果，这种看法是否准确。为保护受访者的匿名性而安排的双盲访谈由研究方法课程中受过训练的访谈员进行。当访谈员或受访者认识对方时，不进行访谈。该研究的重要发现包括：1）家长和教师是受信任的、可信的毒品信息来源；2）医生、护士、执法人员和神职人员也可信，但青少年看不到他们；3）家长和教师对媒体和名人的担忧在青少年的认知中基本没有根据；4）来自可信来源的强调与吸毒相关的各种负面后果的事实信息，会对青少年报告的个人吸毒行为产生强大影响。
