Spine Service, Orthopaedic Hospital Sonnenhof, Bern, Switzerland.
Swiss Med Wkly. 2012 Aug 6;142:w13658. doi: 10.4414/smw.2012.13658. eCollection 2012.
Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are frequent. Although the majority of fractures follow a benign course, there are certain fracture types which result in severe spinal deformity and / or are associated with neurological complications. These patients should be detected early and undergo surgical treatment. Vertebroplasty remains an important and effective treatment option for acute painful vertebral fractures showing progressive collapse. By this procedure the fracture can be stabilised, the pain is controlled and the progression of height loss is also halted. If a vertebral body shows a higher degree of collapse and kyphotic deformity or even some posterior wall involvement, the stentoplasty procedure (further evolution of kyphoplasty) allows height resotartion by the stent and the stabilisation of the vertebral body by cement.
骨质疏松性椎体骨折很常见。虽然大多数骨折呈良性经过，但某些骨折类型会导致严重的脊柱畸形和/或伴有神经并发症。这些患者应早期发现并进行手术治疗。椎体成形术仍然是治疗急性疼痛性椎体骨折的重要有效方法，这些骨折表现为进行性塌陷。通过该手术可以稳定骨折，控制疼痛，并阻止高度损失的进展。如果椎体显示出更高程度的塌陷和后凸畸形，甚至涉及后壁的一部分，支架成形术（椎体后凸成形术的进一步发展）允许支架恢复高度，并通过水泥稳定椎体。
