Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Int J Womens Health. 2012;4:305-19. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S24614. Epub 2012 Jul 5.
Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), including hot flashes and night sweats, occur in as many as 68.5% of women as a result of menopause. While the median duration of these symptoms is 4 years, approximately 10% of women continue to experience VMS as many as 12 years after their final menstrual period. As such, VMS have a significant impact on the quality of life and overall physical health of women experiencing VMS, leading to their pursuance of treatment to alleviate these symptoms. Management of VMS includes lifestyle modifications, some herbal and vitamin supplements, hormonal therapies including estrogen and tibolone, and nonhormonal therapies including clonidine, gabapentin, and some of the serotonin and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. The latter agents, including desvenlafaxine, have been the focus of increased research as more is discovered about the roles of serotonin and norepinephrine in the thermoregulatory control system. This review will include an overview of VMS as they relate to menopause. It will discuss the risk factors for VMS as well as the proposed pathophysiology behind their occurrence. The variety of treatment options for VMS will be discussed. Focus will be given to the role of desvenlafaxine as a treatment option for VMS management.
血管舒缩症状（VMS），包括热潮红和盗汗，多达 68.5%的女性因绝经而出现。虽然这些症状的中位数持续时间为 4 年，但大约 10%的女性在最后一次月经后长达 12 年仍会经历 VMS。因此，VMS 对经历 VMS 的女性的生活质量和整体身体健康有重大影响，导致她们寻求治疗以缓解这些症状。VMS 的管理包括生活方式的改变、一些草药和维生素补充剂、包括雌激素和替勃龙在内的激素治疗，以及非激素治疗，包括可乐定、加巴喷丁和一些 5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂。作为更多关于 5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素在体温调节控制系统中的作用的发现的结果，包括去氨加压素在内的后一类药物已成为更多研究的焦点。这篇综述将包括与绝经相关的 VMS 概述。它将讨论 VMS 的危险因素以及其发生背后的拟议病理生理学。将讨论 VMS 的各种治疗选择。将重点介绍去氨加压素作为 VMS 管理治疗选择的作用。
