Avilés-Izquierdo J A, Lázaro-Ochaita P, Suárez-Fernández R, Márquez-Rodas I, Parra-Blanco V, Escat-Cortés J L
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Rev Clin Esp (Barc). 2013 Mar;213(2):81-7. doi: 10.1016/j.rce.2012.06.006. Epub 2012 Aug 5.
The incidence of malignant melanoma has increased over recent decades all over the world; however, we are not aware if this also occurs in Madrid. Our objective was to analyze epidemiological changes in cutaneous malignant melanomas diagnosed over a 15-year period.
Retrospective analysis of data of patients with primary cutaneous melanomas attended at Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain, between 1996 and 2010, divided into three periods: 1996-2000; 2001-2005; 2006-2010, was obtained.
In total, 969 melanomas were histologically diagnosed. The mean age at the moment of diagnosis was 58.5 years old. The mean tumor thickness was 1.61 mm. The most common histological type was surface-spreading melanoma and the most common site was the trunk. There were statistically significant differences (P < .05) between the three periods of the study: older age at diagnoses (P < .001); larger number of head and neck melanomas (P < .001); more melanomas on trunk in women (P < .001); increase of lentigo maligna melanoma (P < .001); thinner mean tumor thickness (Breslow index) (P < .001); larger number of melanomas in situ (P < .001). However, thick melanomas (tumor thickness over 2 mm) ratio was still over 20% in all periods, especially in males and in those over 65 years old.
Diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma in Spain is made increasingly with a thinner mean tumor thickness, although thick melanomas are still diagnosed in men and in individuals over 65 years.
近几十年来，全球恶性黑色素瘤的发病率呈上升趋势；然而，我们并不清楚马德里是否也出现了这种情况。我们的目的是分析15年间诊断出的皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的流行病学变化。
对1996年至2010年期间在西班牙马德里格雷戈里奥·马拉尼翁医院就诊的原发性皮肤黑色素瘤患者的数据进行回顾性分析，分为三个时期：1996 - 2000年；2001 - 2005年；2006 - 2010年。
共组织学诊断出969例黑色素瘤。诊断时的平均年龄为58.5岁。平均肿瘤厚度为1.61毫米。最常见的组织学类型是浅表扩散型黑色素瘤，最常见的部位是躯干。研究的三个时期之间存在统计学显著差异（P <.05）：诊断时年龄较大（P <.001）；头颈部黑色素瘤数量较多（P <.001）；女性躯干上的黑色素瘤更多（P <.001）；恶性雀斑样痣黑色素瘤增加（P <.001）；平均肿瘤厚度（ Breslow指数）变薄（P <.001）；原位黑色素瘤数量增加（P <.001）。然而，厚黑色素瘤（肿瘤厚度超过2毫米）的比例在所有时期仍超过20%，尤其是在男性和65岁以上的人群中。
在西班牙，皮肤黑色素瘤的诊断中平均肿瘤厚度越来越薄，尽管男性和65岁以上的人群中仍有厚黑色素瘤被诊断出来。
