Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Front Plant Sci. 2012 Aug 3;3:177. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00177. eCollection 2012.
Plants are continuously challenged by pathogens including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. The plant immune system recognizes invading pathogens and responds by activating an immune response. These responses occur rapidly and often involve post-translational modifications (PTMs) within the proteome. Protein phosphorylation is a common and intensively studied form of these PTMs and regulates many plant processes including plant growth, development, and immunity. Most well-characterized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including Xanthomonas resistance 21, flagellin sensitive 2, and elongation factor-Tu receptor, possess intrinsic protein kinase activity and regulate downstream signaling through phosphorylation events. Here, we focus on the phosphorylation events of plant PRRs that play important roles in the immune response. We also discuss the role of phosphorylation in regulating mitogen-associated protein kinase cascades and transcription factors in plant immune signaling.
植物不断受到包括病毒、细菌和真菌在内的病原体的挑战。植物免疫系统识别入侵的病原体，并通过激活免疫反应来作出响应。这些反应发生得很快，通常涉及蛋白质组内的翻译后修饰 (PTMs)。蛋白质磷酸化是这些 PTMs 的一种常见且深入研究的形式，调节许多植物过程，包括植物生长、发育和免疫。大多数特征明确的模式识别受体 (PRR)，包括 Xanthomonas resistance 21、flagellin sensitive 2 和 elongation factor-Tu receptor，都具有内在的蛋白激酶活性，并通过磷酸化事件来调节下游信号转导。在这里，我们重点介绍在免疫反应中发挥重要作用的植物 PRRs 的磷酸化事件。我们还讨论了磷酸化在调节植物免疫信号转导中的丝裂原激活蛋白激酶级联和转录因子中的作用。
