后苏联国家的护理实践：亚美尼亚护士的视角——一项定性探索性研究。

Nursing practice in a post-Soviet country from the perspectives of Armenian nurses: a qualitative exploratory study.

机构信息

Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY 10032, USA.

出版信息

J Clin Nurs. 2012 Sep;21(17-18):2599-608. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04181.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04181.x

PMID:22889449

Abstract

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore the views of head and staff nurses about nursing practice in the hospitals of Armenia.

BACKGROUND

Armenia inherited its nursing frameworks from the Soviet Union. After the Soviet collapse, many changes took place to reform nursing. However, to date little has been systematically documented about nursing practice in Armenia.

DESIGN

Qualitative descriptive design was implemented.

METHODS

Three major hospitals in Yerevan, the capital city of Armenia, participated in the study. Purposeful sampling was used. Forty-three nurses participated, 29 staff and fourteen head nurses. Data were collected through five focus groups comprised of seven to ten participants. A focus group guide was developed. The researcher facilitated the discussions in Armenian, which were audio taped. The research assistant took notes. Data were transcribed and translated into English, imported into atlas.ti 6.1 qualitative software, and analysed by three authors.

RESULTS

Five themes were extracted. Lack of role clarity theme was identified from the head nurse data. The practice environment theme was identified from the staff nurse data. Nursing education, value, respect and appreciation of nursing, and becoming a nurse were common themes identified from both head and staff nurse data. Head nurses lack autonomy, do not have clear roles and are burdened with documentation. Staff nurses practice in challenging work environments with inadequate staffing and demanding workloads. All nurses reported the need to improve nursing education.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study conducted in Armenia exploring nursing practice in the hospitals from the nurses' perspectives. Nurses face challenges that may impact their wellbeing and patient care.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE

Understanding challenges nursing practice faces in the hospitals in Armenia will help administrators and care providers to take actions to improve nursing practice and subsequently patient care.

摘要

目的

本定性描述性研究旨在探讨亚美尼亚医院护士长和护士对护理实践的看法。

背景

亚美尼亚从苏联继承了护理框架。苏联解体后，为改革护理进行了许多变革。然而，迄今为止，关于亚美尼亚护理实践的系统记录甚少。

设计

实施定性描述设计。

方法

亚美尼亚首都埃里温的三家主要医院参与了这项研究。采用目的性抽样。共有 43 名护士参加，其中 29 名是护士，14 名是护士长。通过由 7 至 10 名参与者组成的五个焦点小组收集数据。制定了一个焦点小组指南。研究人员用亚美尼亚语主持讨论，并用录音机记录下来。研究助理做笔记。将数据转录并翻译成英文，输入到 atlas.ti 6.1 定性软件中，由三位作者进行分析。

结果

提取出五个主题。从护士长的数据中确定了角色不明确的主题。从护士的数据中确定了实践环境的主题。护理教育、对护理的重视和欣赏、以及成为护士是从护士长和护士数据中共同确定的主题。护士长缺乏自主权，角色不明确，负担着文件工作。护士在人员配备不足、工作量大的具有挑战性的工作环境中工作。所有护士都报告需要改善护理教育。