台湾地区执业护师对所需能力与自我评估能力的认知比较。
Comparison of nurse practitioners' perceptions of required competencies and self-evaluated competencies in Taiwan.
机构信息
Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
出版信息
J Clin Nurs. 2012 Sep;21(17-18):2679-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04186.x.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This paper is a report of a study conducted to investigate differences between nurse practitioners' perceptions of the importance of required competencies and their self-evaluated existing competencies, and the main factors influencing these differences.
BACKGROUND
The difference between nurse practitioners' perceptions of required competencies and their existing competencies has never been investigated. Therefore, it is still uncertain whether these two competencies differ.
DESIGN
A nationwide survey study was authorised by the Department of Health (DOH) in Taiwan.
METHODS
For this nationwide survey study, the Questionnaire of Competencies in the Nurse Practitioner's Role was mailed to all nurse practitioners who qualified for the first annual national NP licence exam in Taiwan. Of 582 questionnaires distributed, 374 valid questionnaires were returned for a response rate of 64.2%.
RESULTS
The scores for required competencies were all higher than existing competencies. The competencies with largest differences were (in increasing order) clinical research, direct care, and leadership and reform. The competencies with smallest differences were (in ascending order) medical assistance, communication and coordination, and ethical decision-making. Differences in the total score between required and existing competencies were significantly influenced by nurse practitioners' age, seniority as nurse practitioner, whether the nurse practitioners' institution had a nurse practitioner advancement system, and the number of patients under their care.
CONCLUSIONS
Nurse practitioners' perceptions of the importance of their expected role competencies were significantly greater in most cases than their actual competencies.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
These findings could serve as a reference to improve cultivation of the NP system in Taiwan, to strengthen professional competencies in NP training programs.
目的和目标
本文是一项研究报告，旨在调查护士从业者对所需能力的重要性的看法与其自我评估的现有能力之间的差异，以及影响这些差异的主要因素。
背景
从未调查过护士从业者对所需能力的看法与其现有能力之间的差异。因此，尚不确定这两种能力是否存在差异。
设计
这项全国性调查研究得到了台湾卫生署（DOH）的授权。
方法
在这项全国性调查研究中，护士从业者角色能力问卷寄给了所有有资格参加台湾首次年度全国护士执业者执照考试的护士从业者。在分发的 582 份问卷中，有 374 份有效问卷，回复率为 64.2%。
结果
所需能力的得分均高于现有能力。差异最大的能力依次为临床研究、直接护理、领导与改革。差异最小的能力依次为（递增顺序）医疗协助、沟通与协调、伦理决策。所需和现有能力之间的总分差异与护士从业者的年龄、作为护士从业者的资历、护士从业者所在机构是否有护士从业者晋升制度以及其护理的患者人数显著相关。
结论
在大多数情况下，护士从业者对其预期角色能力的重要性的看法明显大于其实际能力。
对临床实践的意义
这些发现可作为参考，以改善台湾的 NP 系统培养，加强 NP 培训计划中的专业能力。
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